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학술논문

平和主義と憲法改正

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영문명
Pacifism and Constitutional Revision
발행기관
전남대학교 법학연구소
저자명
고야마고(小山剛)
간행물 정보
『법학논총』제36권 제4호, 95~109쪽, 전체 15쪽
주제분류
법학 > 법학
파일형태
PDF
발행일자
2016.12.30
4,600

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1:1 문의
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국문 초록

各国の憲法には、それぞれ核心になる条文が存在する。日本国憲法において平和主 義は、国民主権、基本的人権の尊重と並んで、基本原理の一つとされている。しか し、憲法9条は、戦後の日本において、常に論争の対象であった。ドイツ基本法の人 間の尊厳条項とは異なり、憲法9条は、基本原理をうたうだけではなく、2項において 具体的手段をも定めている。従来、政府は、憲法9条は個別的自衛権を禁止するもの ではなく、自衛隊や日米安保条約は合憲であるが、集団的自衛権は違憲であると説明 してきた。しかし、2014年7月1日の閣議決定は、従来の政府解釈を変更し、(限定的 な)集団的自衛権行使を可能とした。その背景には、日本をとりまく国際情勢の変化に 加え、国際貢献論がある。憲法第9条の実効性については、もとより議論があるが、現 行の9条が日本の軍備や活動に一定の歯止めをかけてきたことは確かである。9条の改 正は、国防のあり方を変えるだけではなく、最小限の国防費によって経済的繁栄を可 能にした日本の社会構造をも変更する。それを決定するのは、主権者国民だけである が、9条は、現行のままでも、改正をめぐっても、そして改正後も、内外の世論を二 分することになろう。

영문 초록

The Constitution of each country has a key provision. In the Constitution of Japan, pacifism is one of the fundamental principles including nationalism and respect of basic rights. However, Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution has been controversial in postwar Japan. Unlike the concept of human dignity under the German Basic Law, Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution stipulates the fundamental principles, and furthermore, the specific means in Paragraph 2. The Government had argued that Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution does not prohibit individual self-defense, and that the Security Treaty between the United States and Japan and the Japan Self- Defense Forces are legitimate, but the right to collective self-defense is illegitimate. However, the cabinet decision on 1 July 2014 included changes in constitutional interpretations and permitted the (limited) exercise of the right of collective self-defense. The background of this decision is the international constitutional law as well as changes in the international situation surrounding Japan. There has been discussion on the effectiveness of Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution, but it is obvious that the existing Article 9 has hindered the military equipment and operations of Japan. The revision of Article 9 will change not only the essence of national defense, but also the social structure of Japan in which economic prosperity was based upon the minimum national defense spending. Only the people as a sovereign can make a decision on this matter. Whether or not Article 9 is revised, or whether during or after its revision, the domestic and foreign opinions will be splitted.

목차

Ⅰ. 憲法9条と自衛隊
Ⅱ. 自民党改憲案
Ⅲ. 改正案の意図
Ⅳ. 展望

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APA

고야마고(小山剛). (2016).平和主義と憲法改正. 법학논총, 36 (4), 95-109

MLA

고야마고(小山剛). "平和主義と憲法改正." 법학논총, 36.4(2016): 95-109

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