한국과 일본의 요보호아동복지제도 전개에 관한 연구

• 영문명: A Study on Development of Child Welfare Institutions for Children Requiring Protection in Korea and Japan
• 발행기관: 일본어문학회
• 저자명: 김경민(Kim, Kyoung-Min)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본어문학』日本語文學 第87輯, 359~382쪽, 전체 24쪽
• 주제분류: 어문학 > 일본어와문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2019.11.30

국문 초록

現代社会では、家庭で親からの養育を受けられない児童、養育を受けられる状況にない児童が存在しており、福祉サービスと福祉制度の必要性が日増しに高まっている。世界的には、ジュネーブ宣言とUN児童の権利宣言が児童の人権をさらに高めるきっかけとなった。本論文では、日本と韓国の要保護児童に対する支援の現状と、要保護児童に対する福祉制度と具体定期なサービスを考察し、改善点を探している。日本と韓国では、要保護児童に対する取り組みとして、要保護児童になってしまってから対応する事後的措置から、要保護児童になる前に対応する予防的措置に変化する過程を見せている。また、法律として児童虐待の予防と対処、処罰に関する法令を制定している。韓国では、養子縁組の主流であった海外養子縁組から国内養子縁組への移行が行われている。一方日本では、要保護児童へ社会的養護の努力をしている。 両国の考察を通じてまず、要保護児童の福祉ニーズに合わせたサービス体系の変化が必要である。第二に、児童虐待に対する積極的な取り組みが必要である。第三に、児童福祉施設の入所児童が退所やサービス終了後の体系的な自立支援に向けたサービスや制度の充実が必要である。

영문 초록

In modern society, there is a growing need for child protection service and welfare institutions for children who are currently or potentially deprived of care and guardianship from their parents, on account of the absence, desertion, divorce, denial of child-rearing responsibilities, child abuse, etc. on the part of their parents or guardians. This paper examines and compares how and with what institutions the Korean and the Japanese governments, respectively, support children requiring protection and look for implications. This study has found that both countries are in transition in terms of welfare for children requiring protection, shifting their focus from after-the-fact measures such as public protection, to preventive measures including foster care. They have also enacted laws against child abuse. While Korea is working towards absorbing its massive overseas adoption within the country, Japan is striving to build a system where the society as a whole takes care of children requiring protection. The implications from this study are as follows: First, it is necessary to make changes in welfare service for children requiring protection that can suit their needs; Second, a more proactive response to child abuse is imperative; Third, children admitted to child welfare institutions should be provided with a systematic support scheme for self-support once they are discharged.

목차

1. 연구 배경 및 목적

2. 한국의 요보호아동복지제도 전개

3. 일본의 요보호아동복지제도 전개

4. 한국과 일본 요보호아동복지제도 전개의 과제 및 제언

참고문헌

Abstract

키워드

요보호아동 복지제도 아동복지법 아동학대 한일비교연구 children requiring protection welfare institutions child welfare act child abuse comparative study on Korea and Japan 要保護児 童 福祉制度 兒童福祉法 児 童虐待 韓日比較硏究