雑誌『変態心理』における｢心霊問題｣の考察

• 영문명: Study of Psychic Problems Published in the magazine Hentai-Shinri : Focusing on the Acceptance of a ‘Metamorphic psychology’ and ‘Psychic’ in colonial Korea
• 발행기관: 고려대학교 글로벌일본연구원
• 저자명: 나카무라 시즈요(Nakamura Shizuyo)(中村静代)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본연구』第41輯, 73~109쪽, 전체 37쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.02.28

국문 초록

本稿は､大正期に中村古峡により刊行された『変態心理』上に掲載された｢心霊学｣に関する言説を分析し､それらが当時の植民地朝鮮でどのような言説として現れていたのかを考察している｡ 10年間に渡る『変態心理』刊行期間において､｢変態心理学｣の領域に｢心霊学｣が占める比重は高く､実に130件近くの｢心霊｣関連掲載物が確認できる｡『変態心理』では西欧で始まった心霊研究､日本での千里眼実験､催眠術など広範囲な事象について｢科学的実証｣を伴う論理を展開した｡その一方､明治期にマスコミによる｢千里眼｣への注目､西欧心霊研究を盾に取り､独自の｢霊的治療｣を開発した｢心霊術｣も民間には普及していった｡古峡はこれら霊術団体を近代的でない｢迷信的｣なものと批判し､雑誌の読者欄では｢霊魂不滅｣を唱える心霊研究家から逆に『変態心理』の｢科学への妄信的態度｣を指摘される場面もある｡そのような状況下､1924年の夏には｢恐怖心理と怪談の研究｣号が特集される｡そこからは｢怪談｣という前近代的な怪異を､ことごとく｢近代科学｣の解釈のフレームから語ろうとする『変態心理』論者たちならではの確固とした前近代否定の態度を確認することができる｡ 日本で展開されていた｢心霊学｣に対するこれら二つの研究の流れは､当時日本植民地であった朝鮮社会ではどのように伝達されていたのか｡朝鮮での｢変態心理｣､｢心霊学｣への受容を探るため､朝鮮総督府の書籍備置状況を確認すると､それらを含める｢心理学｣関連書籍は400册以上あり､それらを見ても当時の朝鮮社会における｢心理学｣への関心と需要が反映されていることがわかる｡しかし､新聞掲載物を調査してみると､朝鮮語､日本語の二重言語空間であっただけに､複層的な｢心霊学｣､｢変態心理｣の受容の様相を見せている｡特に｢千里眼｣は李王家殿下に披露されるなど､朝鮮で大きく話題となった｡一方､在朝日本人は｢霊術｣､｢心霊治療｣を内地の状況と同様に精神療法として受容していたが､朝鮮社会では詐欺事件として掲載されることが多かった｡また､朝鮮の雑誌掲載物における｢心霊学｣には､学術的接近がされていたが､雑誌媒体の目的によりその意味付けは大きく差を見せていたことなどがわかった｡ これらを通し､当時日本で盛んにされていた心霊研究は､外地朝鮮でも同様に認知されていたことがわかった｡しかし､植民地という複層的な様相にふさわしく､それらの受容は一律的ではないということが確認された｡

영문 초록

This paper analyzed the opinion of ‘Psychic’ articles in Hentai-Shinri, published by Nakamura Kokyo in the Taisho period, and examined how it appeared in the media in colonial Korea at the time. Psychic occupies a high proportion in the field of metamorphic psychology, and there are as many as 130 posts related to psychic psychology during the ten years of publication. In Hentai-Shinri, a wide range of ideas such as psychic research and hypnosis that originated in the West developed a logic that entails “scientific demonstration”. Meanwhile, as the media paid attention to “clairvoyance” and combined the “unique spiritual therapy” putting Western psychic research as a shield, a so-called ‘spiritualism’ became distributed to the public in the Meiji period. Kokyo criticized these psychic organizations as superstitious, not modern. However, In the ‘Reader’s Column’, readers of psychic researchers criticized him for his delusional attitude toward science. Under such circumstances, “Fear Psychology and Ghost Story Research” had been featured, in the summer of 1924. In this issue, it was possible to confirm the firm attitude of “metamorphosis psychology” theorists who tried to talk only about the ghost stories, pre-modern ‘grotesque’, as in the framework of modern scientific interpretation How was the flow of these two studies on psychic developed in Japan’s colonial Korea society. If you check the availability of books by the Japanese Government-General of Korea to seek acceptance of ‘transformation psychology’ and ‘psychic’ in Joseon, you can see that there were more than 400 books related to ‘psychology’ including them. It can be seen that Joseon society accepted ‘psychology’ at that time. However, if you look at the newspaper’s publications, there was a duplex pattern of acceptance of ‘psychology’ and ‘transformation psychology’ as it was a bilingual space of Korean and Japanese. In particular, a ‘clairvoyance’ became a big topic in Joseon. The Japanese living in colonial Korea accepted a psychic therapy as ‘psychotherapy’, same as Japanese society, however, it was often published as fraudulent cases in Joseon society. In addition, an academic approach was made to ‘psychic’ in magazine publications, but it was found that the meaning-making differed greatly depending on the purpose of the magazine media. Through this, it could be seen that psychic research, which was prevalent in Japan at the time, was also recognized in Joseon. It was confirmed that their acceptance was not uniform in line with the two-layered aspect of a colony.

목차

Ⅰ. はじめに

Ⅱ. ｢変態心理｣と｢心霊学｣

Ⅲ. 雑誌『変態心理』が語る｢心霊学｣

Ⅳ. 朝鮮総督府図書館新書部分類目録における｢心霊学｣

Ⅴ. 朝鮮新聞·雑誌における｢変態心理｣と｢心霊学｣

Ⅵ. おわりに

키워드

『変態心理』 心霊学 朝鮮総督府図書館 千里眼 植民地朝鮮 “Hentai-Shinri” Psychic Library of the Governor-General's Office clairvoyance Colonial Korea