무대(無対)자동사의 타동사화 용법 연구

• 영문명: A Study on Transitivization of Absolute Intransitives
• 발행기관: 일본어문학회
• 저자명: 이윤정(Yi Yun Chong)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본어문학』日本語文學 第77輯, 129~148쪽, 전체 20쪽
• 주제분류: 어문학 > 일본어와문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2017.05.31

국문 초록

本稿では、文化庁発行の「外国人のための基本語用例辞典」に提示された日本語の動詞のうち、無対自動詞95個を調べて「BCCWJ」と「ヤフージャパン」の例文を抜粋し、この動詞の他動詞化を明らかにした。95個の無対自動詞の使役形で例文を分析し、使役形の成立が不可能な場合、使役形の成立が難しい場合、他動詞化した場合の3つに分類し、動詞の意味に応じて状態、有情物の動作、自然現象、敬語、心理状態などに分けて分析した。 使役形の分析を通じ、使役形が存在しにくい状態性が強い動詞はむりやりさせるという意味を持つ使役形で他動詞の機能をし、有情物の動作でも有情物が自らの意志や意図で十分動作できない場合は、「を」格を使って他動詞化されることが分かった。また、有情物の身体の一部が「を」格をとる使役形は、再帰用法で他動詞化されることが分かった。自然現象を表す動詞の場合、主語が自ら変化する本性を持っていて自発的に状態が変化した場合、他動詞化した。人間の心理状態を表す動詞の場合、状態性が強く、主語の位置に来る名詞が「で」格を取ることができる理由ㆍ原因を表す名詞である場合、使役形が他動詞化されることを確認することができた。

영문 초록

In this article, we target 95 absolute transitive verbs in Japanese, detected in Gaikokujin-no-tamenoKihongoYoureiJiten (Agency for Cultural Affairs), and investigate transitivization of these verbs through the analysis of sentences involving the verbs extracted from BCCWJ and Yahoo! Japan. Based on the analysis of example sentences with causative forms of the 95 absolute intransitive verbs, they are classified into the following three types: (i) causativization is not possible, (ii) causativization is difficult to achieve, and (iii) transitivization is achieved. We then analyze them with special reference to their encoded meanings, in terms of states, actions of animate individuals, natural phenomena, honorifics, and mental states. Our findings are summarized in the following manner. Stative verbs, which are difficult to causativize, function as transitive verbs in the causative form with the meaning of forcing someone to do something. Verbs denoting an action of an animate individual, when they denote actions beyond the control of the doer’s volition and intention, are transitivized with an o-marked (accusative marked) noun. Further, a causative form where body part of an animate individual is denoted by an o-marked noun is transitivized in the reflexive use. Verbs denoting natural phenomena, when the referent of a subject has the nature of self-chaging and the state denoted spontaneously changes, are transitivized. Finally, as for verbs denoting mental states of humans, when they denote a state and a subject noun selects a de-marked noun which denotes a reason or a cause, they are transitivized in the causative form.

목차

일문요약

1. 서론

2. 선행연구

3. 연구범위 및 방법

4. 사역형태의 성립이 불가능한 경우

5. 사역형태의 성립이 어려운 경우

6. 타동사화 한 경우

7. 결론

참고문헌

예문출전

키워드

무대자동사 타동사화 사역형태 동작 상태 absolute transitive transitivization causative form action state 無対 自動詞 他動詞化 使役形 動作 状 態