박완서 노년소설의 젠더시학

• 영문명: Gender Poetics found in Park Wan Seo's Old age novel - Focusing on a collection of her short stories -
• 발행기관: 한국문학회
• 저자명: 정미숙(Jung, Mi-Sook) 유제분(Yu, Je-Boon)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국문학논총』제54집, 273~300쪽, 전체 28쪽
• 주제분류: 어문학 > 한국어와문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2010.03.30

국문 초록

본고는 박완서의 전 시기에 걸친 단편을 대상으로 노년소설에 나타난 노인의 젠더변주를 살펴보고자 한다. 박완서는 노인의 젠더에 관한 지속적인 관심을 30여 년에 걸쳐 단편에 담아 전개하며 그녀만의 독특한 노인성 문학을 성취해 내고 있다. 젠더는 문화연구의 정치적 이슈로 부상했지만 노인의 젠더는 진지한 성적 관심의 대상에선 벗어난 것이었다. 노인의 젠더 탐색은 우리 안에서 자행되어온 배제와 편견의 논리인 폭력성을 고발하고 증언해 온 박완서 서사의 한 축이다. 박완서 노년소설의 젠더 시학은 초기- 중기- 후기의 단계로 나눠지며 현실을 진단하고 전망한다. 초기에는 주변화된 노인의 ‘젠더’가 기괴한(uncanny) 몸을 통해 환기된다. ‘기괴함’은 성적 존재로서의 노인과 노인을 읽는 우리들의 부정적 시선을 함의하는 것이다. 중기에는 노인의 젠더가 ‘부인된 애착’(disavowed attachment), 섹슈얼리티의 양가성을 통하여 새롭게 조명된다. 젊은이/노인, 미/추, 선/악의 이분적 도식을 해체하면서 젠더를 모색한다. 후기에 이르면 전환적 발상을 가진 개별자를 통하여 고유하고 담대한 노인의 젠더를 구축한다. 노인의 젠더 구축은 도저한 생의 질서에 기반한 긍정이자 진정한 주체 회복으로 젠더윤리 회복이란 지평을 긋는다. 박완서는 노년소설의 젠더시학을 통하여 우리 안의 편견과 배제의 논리를 넘어설 새로운 노인 주체, 타자-되기의 수행을 통하여 자신과 타자의 동시적인 변이를 도모하는 젠더 윤리, 젠더 정치학을 달성하고 있다.

영문 초록

The purpose of this study is to examine how Park Wan Seo approached the gender of characters(old men or women) in her novels. For the purpose, this researcher reviewed a collection of short stories that the novelist wrote. Surprisingly, Park Wan Seo has built up her own unique literature on the old generation as she has continuously paid attention to the gender of old people and seriously has dealt with it through works of pure literature(short stories) over the past three decades. So far, gender has been treated as a political issue in the field of cultural research. But as far as old people are concerned, their gender has failed to be considered as a part of sexual interest. For Park Wan Seo, exploring the gender of old people has been one of the main axes of her epic. Through the move, she has accused and witnessed violent logics that we have used to exclude and have a prejudice against the gender of old people. Park Wan Seo's early, middle and late novels for old people are clearly different from each other in revealing gender poetics based on which she depicts the reality of old people's gender and, accordingly, provides a new prospect. In the early novels, the gender of old people who have been pushed away from mainstream is given attention with their uncanny bodies focused. Here, ‘uncanny’ implies that we tend to negate old people as sexual being. In the middle novels, the gender of old people is shed light on with ambivalence between ‘negated affection’ and ‘sexuality’. Here, the use of ambivalence is a strategy to newly establish old people's gender identity, And the new identity is something beyond dichotomy between old and young people or between right and wrong. In the late novels, there's an emergence of so-called the ‘particular being’ who overcomes his or her conventional gender identity through thinking in a reverse way and newly establishes his or her position as an older person, especially in terms of gender identity. The newly established gender identity opens the horizontal for the restoration of gender ethics that stresses people, whether old or not, to comply with the order of life and take their life positive as it is. In her novels dealing with the old generation, Park Wan Seo uses her gender poetics to go beyond logics with which we exclude and have a prejudge against the gender of old people. The transcendence of the logics leads to the creation of a new old subject as the ‘particular being’. This being represents the new formation of gender ethics or gender politics that removes fixed notions about the gender of old people and develops, expand and deepen new norms about it.

목차

1. 서론

2. ‘기괴한’ 몸, 젠더 조롱과 폭력

3. ‘부인된 애착’, 젠더 해체와 모색

4. ‘타자-되기’, 젠더 구축과 윤리학

5. 결론

키워드

박완서 젠더 언케니 노년소설 폭력 양가성 주디스 버틀러 타자-되기 Park wanseo uncanny old age novel violence ambivalence Judith Butler being others