｢웃음 발생｣에 대한 언어사회학적 고찰

• 영문명: A Linguistic Sociological Consideration of the Occurrence of Laughter
• 발행기관: 일본어문학회
• 저자명: 조영호(Young-Ho Cho)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본어문학』第105輯, 93~110쪽, 전체 18쪽
• 주제분류: 어문학 > 일본어와문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.05.30

국문 초록

冗談にはさまざまな種類があり、単純なものから複雑なものまで、それぞれの人のセンスやユーモアの好みに合わせて楽しめる。このような冗談は言葉と物語のいたずらと驚きを持っており、人々に笑いを与え、ストレス解消とコミュニケーションを円滑にする役割を果たすと見ることができる。また、冗談はマルノールやパンチラインなどによってその面白さが生じるため、聞く人によって受ける笑いに対する影響や評価は異なるかもしれない。しかしこれが冗談の魅力でもある。 本稿では、その笑いの共有、笑いの発生原理を言語社会学的観点から考察してみた。その結果、笑いは連帯性を追求する人間の本能的な活動であり、人間はマジョリティー(多数集団)のほうから発生することが分かった。笑いの4つの発生タイプ―ジョーク、ユーモア、ウィット·エスプリ―を説明し、その構造も検討した。また、日本語に現れるハイコンテキスト言語構造に見られる笑いの特徴も調べて、冗談が無標性(unmarked)から有標性(marked)に変化して聞き手に認識されて生じる笑いの原理も分かった。このような笑いこそ、多数集団と少数集団の認識の違いに起因することが分かる。その認識の違いが、他文化を理解する基礎になると思われる。

영문 초록

There are many different types of jokes, from simple to complex, and can be enjoyed according to each person’s sense of humor and taste in humor. These jokes have the playfulness and surprise of words and stories, and can be seen as making people laugh, relieving stress, and facilitating communication. Also, since jokes are made fun by word play or punch lines, the impact or evaluation of the laughter received by the listener may be different. But this is also the charm of the joke. In this paper, we examined the sharing of laughter and the principles of its occurrence from a linguistic sociological perspective. As a result, it was found that laughter is an instinctive human activity that pursues solidarity, and that it occurs on the side of the majority. We explained the four types of laughter - jokes, humor, wit, and esprit - and examined their structures. In addition, we looked into the characteristics of laughter in the high-context language structure of Japanese, and learned the principles of laughter that occur when a joke changes from unmarked to marked and recognized by the listener. It can be seen that laughter like this is due to the difference in perception between the majority group and the minority group. I think that difference in perception becomes the cornerstone of understanding cultures different from mine.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 다문화 관점에서의 웃음 발생 배경과 분류

3. 언어 형태와 사회 구조로 보는 농담

4. 농담과 재치에 대한 언어학적 분석

5. 농담과 위트의 어용론

6. 나가며

참고문헌

키워드

조크 유모아 위트 언외의 의미 오찌 Joke Humor Wit Implication Punch line ジョ-ク ユーモア ウイット 言外の意味 落ち