백야 김좌진의 국권회복운동기 활동과 이념에 관한 검토

• 영문명: A Review of Kim Jwa-jin’s Activities and Ideology during the Independence Movement for the Restoration of National Sovereignty
• 발행기관: 한국세계문화사학회
• 저자명: 이성우(Sung-Woo Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『세계역사와 문화연구』제73집, 113~143쪽, 전체 31쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.12.31

국문 초록

충남 홍성 출신 독립운동가 김좌진의 국권회복운동기 활동과 이념을 검토한 연구이다. 김좌진의 국권회복운동기 활동 중 호명학교, 기호흥학회, 이창양행 설립을 제외한 활동은 김좌진의 활동으로 보기 어렵다. 특히 대한제국 무관학교 졸업은 무관학교의 운영과 김좌진의 나이, 관련 기록을 통해 볼 때 불가능했다. 김좌진은 大倧敎徒이다. 그러나 그의 대종교 입교 시기는 명확하지 않다. 김좌진의 대종교 입교와 관련된 유일한 자료는 ｢故金佐鎭先生畧歷｣이며, 이 기록에에 의하면 김좌진은 1918년에 대종교에 입교했다. 김좌진은 대종교에 입교했으나 영향력은 크지 않았다. 이러한 점은 북만주 지역에서 독립운동을 전개하는데 한계로 작용했으며, 대한군정서가 대한독립군단과 대한독립군정서로 분화되는 요인이기도 했다. 김좌진은 조선공산당 만주총국 이외의 공산주의 단체와는 대립 관계를 형성하지 않았다. 조선공산당 만주총국과의 대립도 이념상의 문제가 아니라 신민부와 지지 기반이 중복되었기 때문에 발생한 문제였다. 김좌진은 재만조선무정부주의자연맹과 연합해 한족총연합회를 조직했다. 한족총연합회의 강령이나 정강에는 무정부주의적인 요소가 있다. 그렇다고 해서 김좌진을 무정부주의자로 볼 수는 없다. 김좌진의 한족총연합회 조직은 북만주 지역의 독립운동 상황과 독립운동상의 문제를 극복하기 위한 전략적 선택이었다.

영문 초록

This study examines the activities and ideology of the independence activist Kim Jwa-jin during the period of the national sovereignty restoration movement. Kim Jwa-jin is known to have graduated from the Military Academy of the Korean Empire, served as the general affairs manager of the Gyeongseong Orphanage, held positions in the Giho Society and the Daehan Association, worked as the vice-principal of Oseong School, founded Ichangyanghaeng, was a director of the Hanseong Shinbo, established Hohmyeong School, and served as the president of Hwangseong Newspaper. However, except for his involvement in the establishment of Hohmyeong School, the Giho Society, and Ichangyanghaeng, most of these activities cannot be directly attributed to Kim Jwa-jin. In particular, his graduation from the Military Academy of the Korean Empire seems impossible when considering the operation of the academy, Kim’s age, and the related records. Kim Jwa-jin was a follower of the Daejonggyo. However, the exact time of his conversion is unclear. There is a record from 1917 stating that Kim was a member of Daejonggyo. under the Dongdo-Bongsa. However, the reference in the History of the Daejonggyo. Independence Movement is problematic as a historical source, and it is difficult to assert that Kim joined Daesonggyo in 1917 based on his activities. The only record related to Kim’s conversion is the Brief Biography of the Late Kim Jwa-jin, which states that he joined Daejonggyo. in 1918. Despite joining Daejonggyo., his influence was limited. This limitation became a constraint in his independence movement activities in the northern Manchuria region and also contributed to the division of the Daehan Military Government Office into the Daehan Independence Army and the Daehan Military Government Office. Kim Jwa-jin did not have a confrontational relationship with other communist organizations, aside from the Manchurian Bureau of the Korean Communist Party. The conflict with the Manchurian Bureau of the Korean Communist Party was not ideological but stemmed from overlapping support bases with the Shinminbu. Kim Jwa-jin also attempted to form alliances with organizations other than the Manchurian Bureau of the Korean Communist Party. His connection with communism was a strategic choice aimed at enhancing the strength and capabilities of the independence movement. His perception of anarchism was similarly pragmatic. Kim allied with the Manchurian Federation of Korean Anarchists and organized the Korean People’s United Front. The program and platform of the Korean People’s United Front contained anarchistic elements. However, this does not mean Kim Jwa-jin can be classified as an anarchist. His organization of the Korean People’s United Front was a strategic decision to address the challenges faced by the independence movement in northern Manchuria and to overcome the issues within the movement itself.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말

Ⅱ. 대한제국 무관학교 졸업과 국권회복운동기 활동

Ⅲ. 대종교 입교와 공산주의ㆍ무정부주의에 관한 인식

Ⅳ. 맺음말

키워드

김좌진 무관학교 대종교 공산주의 무정부주의 Kim Jwa-jin Korea Empire Military Academy Daejonggyo Communism Anarchism