금융소비자보호법상 금융분쟁조정의 개선방안에 관한 연구

• 영문명: A Study on Measures for Improving Financial Dispute Mediation under the Financial Consumer Protection Act
• 발행기관: 경희법학연구소
• 저자명: 박선아(Park, Sun-Ah)
• 간행물 정보: 『경희법학』제56권 제4호, 389~417쪽, 전체 29쪽
• 주제분류: 법학 > 민법
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2021.12.30

국문 초록

IMF 외환위기 이후 파생금융상품의 불완전판매로 인한 금융피해 또한 급증하였지만 금융소비자보호에 대한 규율체계는 여전히 미약하였다. 2019년부터 연이어 발생한 사모펀드 사고로 인하여 다시금 금융소비자보호에 대한 요구가 거세어졌고, 2020. 3. 5. 국회는 그동안의 법률안들을 통합 조정한 금융소비자보호법을 제정하였다. 금융소비자보호법은 모든 금융상품에 6대 판매원칙을 적용하고 위법계약해지권 및 징벌적 과징금 등을 도입하였다. 또한 청약철회권, 판매제한명령권 및 자료열람권 등 금융소비자 권익 보호제도를 다양하게 규정하였고, 소송중지제도와 소송 중 이탈금지제도를 도입하여 금융분쟁조정의 실효성을 제고하였다. 이 연구는 금융소비자보호법상의 사후적 권익보호제도로서 금융분쟁조정에 관하여 주로 다룬다. 현행 금융소비자보호법상 금융분쟁해결제도는 법률이 제정되자마자 다양한 내용의 개정법안이 제안되는 등 개선방안에 대한 논의가 활발하다. 특히 분쟁해결수단의 측면에서 집단적 분쟁 해결절차의 도입과 분쟁조정의 효력과 관련한 금융분쟁 조정결정의 편면적 구속력의 인정이 빠른 시일 내에 도입될 필요성이 크다. 또한 기술을 접목한 금융의 발달로 금융회사와 금융소비자 간의 정보의 비대칭성이 갈수록 커지는 상황에서 금융분쟁조정이 실효성 있고 비중있는 법적 구제수단으로 역할을 하기 위해서는 금융분쟁조정 총량의 증가와 활성화가 시급하다. 2021년 3월 새롭게 시행된 금융소비자보호법의 주요 특징과 구조, 금융분쟁조정의 변화와 그 현황을 살펴보고, 금융분쟁조정의 개선방안으로서 집단분쟁조정제도와 같은 분쟁해결제도의 확충, 금융분쟁 조정의 편면적 구속력 인정문제 및 금융분쟁조정위원회 운영의 개선을 통한 금융분쟁조정의 활성화 방안 등에 대해서 살펴보고자 한다.

영문 초록

Since the foreign exchange crisis in 1997, financial damage due to financial derivatives too rapidly increased; however, there was still an insufficient discipline system for financial consumer protection. Due to the private equity fund accidents successively occurring since 2019, demands for financial consumer protection became fierce again, and on March 5, 2020, the National Assembly enacted the Financial Consumer Protection Act that integrated and adjusted the existing legislative bills. The Financial Consumer Protection Act applied the six principles for the sales of financial products to all financial products, such as suitability, adequacy rules, and duty of explanation, etc. and strengthened sanctions like granting illegal contract cancellation rights upon the violation of the principles for the sales and punitive penalty. In addition, various systems for the protection of financial consumer rights and interests, such as the right of withdrawal of subscription, the right to order sales restrictions, illegal contract cancellation rights, and the right to access data as remedies for damage. The systems for the suspension of litigation proceedings and the prohibition of deviation from mediation were also adopted to secure the effectiveness of financial dispute mediation. This study would mainly deal with financial dispute mediation as an ex-post rights and interests protection system on the Financial Consumer Protection Act. The financial dispute mediation system of the Financial Supervisory Service has been provided in the Act on the Establishment of Financial Services Commission; however, it was deleted and newly provided in the Financial Consumer Protection Act. The Financial Consumer Protection Agency and the Financial Disputes Mediation Committee expanded and reformed as a result of the enactment of the Financial Consumer Protection Act have mediated grievance more actively in private equity fund case handling since 2020. However, despite the result of financial dispute mediation for the last year, the financial dispute mediation system on the present Financial Consumer Protection Act needs institutional supplementation to the extent that a revised bill was proposed as soon as the law was enacted. Especially, in the aspect of dispute resolution means, the introduction of collective dispute resolution procedures and the recognition of the one-sided binding force of financial dispute mediation decisions related to the effectiveness of grievance mediation should be adopted as soon as possible. In addition, when asymmetry of information grows between financial companies and financial consumers as time goes by with the development of finance that combines technologies, the increase of the gross volume of financial dispute mediation and the revitalization would urgently be needed so that financial dispute mediation can serve as an effective legal remedy. Subsequently, this study would investigate the major characteristics and structure of the Financial Consumer Protection Act enacted in March 2021, and the change and current status of financial dispute mediation, the expansion of dispute resolution systems like the collective dispute mediation system as measures for financial dispute mediation, the issue of recognition of the one-sided binding force of financial dispute mediation and measures for the revitalization of financial dispute mediation through the improvement of the operation of the Financial Disputes Mediation Committee.

목차

Ⅰ.들어가며

Ⅱ.금융소비자보호법의 특징과 금융소비자보호의 강화

Ⅲ.금융분쟁의 해결과 금융소비자의 절차적 권리의 보장

Ⅳ.사후적 구제제도로서 금융분쟁조정의 개선 방안

Ⅴ.결론

키워드

금융소비자보호 금융소비자보호법 금융분쟁조정 금융분쟁조정위원회 금융분쟁조정결정 집단적 금융분쟁조정제도 금융분쟁조정결정의 편면적 구속력 Financial Consumer Protection Financial Consumer Protection Act Financial Dispute Mediation Financial Dispute Mediation Committee Financial Dispute Mediation Resolution Collective Financial Dispute Mediation System One-sided Binding Force of Financial Dispute Mediation Resolution