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일본의 배외주의 ‘헤이트스피치’에 대항하는 다국적 시민들

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영문명
Multinational Citizens Against ‘Hate Speech’ in Japan -Focusing on the establishment of ‘Norikoe network’-
발행기관
한일민족문제학회
저자명
김광열(Kim, Gwang-Yol)
간행물 정보
『韓日民族問題硏究』제34집, 161~197쪽, 전체 37쪽
주제분류
인문학 > 역사학
파일형태
PDF
발행일자
2018.06.30
7,240

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1:1 문의
논문 표지

국문 초록

本論文は、日本でヘイト·スピーチのデモ(以下、ヘイト·デモ)が最高調に 達していた2013年9月、東京で設立された「ヘイト·スピーチと人種差別主義を 乗り越える国際ネットワーク」(以下、「乗り越えネット」)という多国籍市民団体に 注目し、その設立背景と経緯、中心人物、運動指向、マスコミの反応などを 検討したものである。  2010年代から東京や大阪など日本の大都市では極めて低俗な言説で在日 コリアンなどの外国人を罵るヘイト·デモが横行している。それを主導する勢力は インターネットで結成された在特会などの新種の右翼団体である。彼らは公共 の場で在日コリアンに対して全く根拠のない暴言を浴びせるデモを繰り広げてい る。従来に見られなかった衝撃的な状況にあると言えよう。しかも彼らは攻撃の 対象をその他の在日外国人のみならず、障碍者や社会的なマイノリティーにまで 広げている。ただ、日本でそのようなヘイト·デモが勃興するようになったなった 理由を単に同時期に悪化した韓日関係に求めることはできないと思う。すでに 1990年代から続いた戦前の日本を賛美する「新しい歴史教科書」をつくって不況 に落ちた日本を再建しようとする右派知識人に影響されたり、2000年代入ってか ら始まった大衆文化分野における「韓流」ブームに反発して出たいわゆる「嫌韓 流」の動きに同調する、従来日本社会の底辺に絶えず存在していた排他主義 の流れを汲むものであると見えるからである。彼らが丁度2012年頃から一層悪く なった韓日関係に便乗して嫌韓の世論を煽り立てる在特会に参加した。そして 群衆心理に浸りヘイト·デモの中に入ったと推測する。 乗り越えネットが設立されたのは、そのように新種右翼による在日コリアンに対 する赤裸々なデマ拡散行為を目の当たりにして、危機感を覚え、それ以上黙っ ていてはならない行動すべきであると考えた人々が立ち上がったことであった。共 同代表として参加した20名はそれぞれ日本社会の多様な分野で活躍していた人 物らであった。彼·彼女らはヘイト·デモによる異民族差別と排外主義、人権 無視、弱者排除、自国中心主義、侵略の歴史擁護などを正当化する動きに 憤慨し立ち上がった。なかでも中心的な役割をしていた人物は在日コリアン3世 の辛淑玉であった。設立当時の辛の発言を通して、乗り越えネットが設立され た背景と目標が確認できる。当時日本のほとんどのマスコミは「乗り越えネット」の 設立について報道していて、排外主義のヘイト·デモに対抗した、国籍を超え る良心的な市民たちの動きとして捉えていた。その後の乗り越えネットの活動に一 定の期待を寄せていたことであると考えられる。

영문 초록

This paper examines the backgrounds of the establishment of the ‘Norikoe network’ in Tokyo, Japan on September 25, 2013, including the key players of the international civic group, its orientations, and the reaction of the Japanese society. Since the 1990s, Japan has emerged as a historical revisionist group that seeks to make Japan’s imperialist aggression a catalyst for rebuilding the pride of Japanese society. This rightist movement produced a certain amount of social influence by organizing relevant discussion groups or by writing history textbooks. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been a disdain for the phenomenon of so-called “Korean Wave” in popular culture, and the grassroots rightist movements increased noticeably attacking Korea and China with Internet commentary sites and publications. In recent years, the hate demonstration has intensified, criticizing foreigners such as Korean residents in big cities such as Tokyo and Osaka using very derogatory languages. The leading forces have been influenced by their senior rightist activists for the past 10 years. However, unlike before, what is more shocking is that the hate demonstrations are taking places in public places against Korean residents repeatedly, displaying coarse expressions, and that such demonstrations are extending over to other foreign residents and other social minorities. The ‘Norikoe network’ was founded by those who felt a sense of crisis in the behavior of such low-level, naked rightists and who believed that they should no longer remain silent and should stand up. The twenty people who participated as co-representatives are composed of persons who are active in various fields of Japanese society that deeply sympathize with the above purpose. They resent the hate demonstration that instigates the discrimination of foreigners, human rights abuses, exclusion and aggression of social minorities, and intolerance. Furthermore, the Hate phenomenon in Japan is a symptom that ignores the history of the International Declaration of Humanity. The key figures of the ‘Norikoe network’ was Shin Sugok, the third generation Korean resident. Through her remarks, you can see the background and the orientation of the ‘Norikoe network’. We also reviewed the major media reports in Japan in order to figure out how Japanese society responded to the establishment of the ‘Norike network’. Most Japanese newspapers, national or regional, reported that the network was established. I think it was because there was a certain degree of expectation for the ‘Norikoe network’.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. ‘헤이트 데모’가 등장한 배경과 발흥 상황
Ⅲ. 다국적 시민단체 ‘노리코에 네트워크’의 설립과 중심 인물
Ⅳ. 노리코에 네트워크의 지향점과 일본사회의 반응
Ⅴ. 맺음말 -향후의 전망-

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APA

김광열(Kim, Gwang-Yol). (2018).일본의 배외주의 ‘헤이트스피치’에 대항하는 다국적 시민들. 韓日民族問題硏究, 34 (1), 161-197

MLA

김광열(Kim, Gwang-Yol). "일본의 배외주의 ‘헤이트스피치’에 대항하는 다국적 시민들." 韓日民族問題硏究, 34.1(2018): 161-197

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