항만운영자상호보험조합 설립에 관한 연구

• 영문명: A Study on the Development of Protection and Indemnity Insurance for Terminal Operators
• 발행기관: 한국보험법학회
• 저자명: 지상규(Ji Sang Gyu)
• 간행물 정보: 『보험법연구』제3권 제2호, 347~381쪽, 전체 35쪽
• 주제분류: 법학 > 법학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2009.12.30

국문 초록

항만운영자는 2003년 9월 12일 남부 해안 지역을 강타한 태풍 "매미"의 피해를 통해 현재 가입하고 있는 일반손해보험으로는 대형사고나 자연재해로 인한 사고의 경우 그 위험을 전적으로 담보할 수 없다는 사실을 인지하게 되었다. 또한 항만운영자가 임대(또는 전대)한 항만시설물 및 장비를 사용하기 위해 체결한 임대차계약 규정에 의하여 계약목적물이 멸실 또는 훼손된 경우 원상회복의무를 부담함에도 불구하고 부적절한 보험부보가액 및 보상한도액을 설정함으로써, 지급된 보험금과 원상회복에 따른 지급액과의 차액은 고스란히 항만운영자의 부담이 되고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위한 방안으로서 제안하는 것이 상호보험제도이며, 상호보험제도를 이용하여 항만운영자상호보험조합을 설립함으로써 항만운영자를 위험으로부터 효율적으로 보호 할 수 있다. 이러한 조합 설립을 통해 기대할 수 있는 효과는 보험료의 외국이탈 방지 및 외화의 절약, 한국 실정에 맞는 보험개발 및 서비스 제공, 전문적인 클레임 처리기술 및 경험의 축적, 경험을 바탕으로 지속적인 관리를 통한 사고의 감소, 그리고 담보범위 확대를 들 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 기대효과에도 불구하고 조합을 설립하기 위해서는 먼저 조합의 보증장(Letter of Guarantee) 제공, 보험료의 증가, 범세계적 조직망을 통해 서비스의 제공 및 효율적인 위험 분산 가능성에 대한 분석이 전제가 되어야 하고, 이러한 분석을 통해 문제점들은 재보험 및 국제풀(Pool)협약, 그리고 국제조직과의 개별적 계약으로 해결이 가능하다. 따라서 항만운영자상호보험조합의 설립이 필요하며, 조합 설립을 위한 제도적 뒷받침으로서 특별법의 제정 및 정관의 작성이 검토되어야 할 것이다. 이러한 특별법 및 정관을 통해 조합의 구조를 확정할 수 있으며, 보험료 부과방법 등 조합의 운영에도 원활을 기할 수 있을 것이다.

영문 초록

The Korean Peninsula is sea-bound on three sides, and the Korean eco-nomy is advancing through international import and export which requires an advanced marine transportation system. Thus, the government has developed ports, and as its result, the port industry has become one of the principal money-makers. However, the business of operation of ports inevitably has various kinds of risks including damage or loss of equipment, facilities, con-tainers or cargoes, natural disasters or oil leakage accidents, and to minimize these risks, the terminal operators of the business enter into insurance policies such as Property Insurance, Terminal Operators' Liability Insurance or Busi-ness Interruption Insurance. But, practically, in case of occurrence of an accident, there are great risks that afore-mentioned existing insurances do not cover the amount of damage or loss sufficiently for the reason that the damage amount might be so huge like the case of the typhoon 'Maemi' and the coverage amount might be determined inappropriate and with wrong estimation. Also, the scale of acci-dent has enlarged to a great extent due to expensive equipment and facilities. Hence, a measure which could protect the terminal operators from possible huge financial damage is desperately needed. Especially, in respect of Pro-perty Insurance, the terminal operators shall rent the port facilities because that these facilities are built by the government. Also they can rent loading and unloading equipment such as Gantry Crane for their operation from the government or authorized institutions (hereinafter called "renter") from the government for the management of them, and they undertake the contractual liabilities of recover the damage of them in case of an occurrence of accident to the renter. However, the Property Insurance is substantially a kind of insurance on properties, and thus, in case of loss or damage on the insured object, the coverage amount is limited to the actual amount of damage or loss at the time of accident. Hence, a full amount to recover damage or loss occurred isn't paid to the terminal operators, and thus, they should pay from their account any difference between the amounts of insurance money and of the compensation money to the renter of the equipment they used. To fix this situation, the establishment of Terminal Operators' Protection and Indemnity Club(hereinafter called "Terminal Operators' P&I Club") is suggested as one of the rational remedies to solve such a problem as shown above. Under which insurance system, terminal operators invest a certain fund and at the same time, they become beneficiary of the mutual P & I insurance as a member of the cooperation and lessen the other member's risk or loss in case of an accident. This research aims to disclose facts and problems of the existing insurances bought by terminal operators and to suggest establishment of Terminal Oper-ators' P&I Club which is a kind of mutual insurance system and which can be an effective measure to solve the problems. Validity of establishment of such a Terminal Operators' P&I Club is based on following facts. Firstly, the existing insurances bought by terminal operators do not cover the full amount of damage or loss in case of occurrence of huge natural disasters or big-scale accidents and in case of wrong determination of cov-erage amount of damage, and thus, they demand the terminal operators to undertake the claim amount. Thus, it can be said that the purpose of buying insurance policies is not realized. However, if such an Terminal Operators' P&I Club is established, the coverage range can be prescribed by Omnibus rule of the mutual insurance system, and the liability of Terminal Operators' P&I Club can be set to be unlimited, and thus, liability or financial damage of terminal operators can be minimized. When this is realized, it is possible to protect terminal operations from any actual or financial risks. Secondly, the existing insura

목차

<국문초록>

Ⅰ. 머리말

Ⅱ. 현행 항만소유ㆍ관리ㆍ운영제도와 항만시설의 멸실ㆍ훼손에 대한 책임

Ⅲ. 현행 항만운영자 보험의 내용

Ⅳ. 항만운영자상호보험제도의 도입

Ⅴ. 맺음말

<참고문헌>

키워드

상호보험조합 항만 재산종합보험 제3자책임보험조합 영업휴지보험 Protection and Indemnity Insurance for Terminal Operators Terminals Property Insurance Terminal Operators' Liability Insurance Business Interruption Insurance