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조선인에 대한 미불금 공탁의 특례적 법령에 관한 연구

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영문명
Study on the laws covering special cases on deposit of unpaid wages for the Korean forced labors, focusing on ‘Prescript on Special Cases of Deposit’ and its ‘Enforcement Ordinace’
발행기관
한일민족문제학회
저자명
오일환
간행물 정보
『韓日民族問題硏究』제44집, 61~106쪽, 전체 46쪽
주제분류
인문학 > 역사학
파일형태
PDF
발행일자
2023.06.30
8,320

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1:1 문의
논문 표지

국문 초록

戦後、GHQ/SCAP治下の日本で朝鮮人など旧植民地出身の強制動員被 害者に対する未払金の処理をめぐり、GHQと日本政府の方針が相反した。 GHQは最終的に朝鮮人に対する未払金を支払うために債務者である企業や事 業主等にこれを特別管理勘定等に預けることを指示したのに対し、日本政府は 1946年以来民法上の供託手続きに従って各地方法務局に供託することを指示 した。概して日本の債務企業などは日本政府の指示に従った。 1949年以降、日本国との平和条約の締結とGHQ軍政の終了時期が差し迫 ると、結局GHQは現実的な代案として既存の民法上の供託手続きとは異なり、 朝鮮人など海外債権者に対する供託制度に関する別途の措置を講じるよう日 本政府に指示した。これにより、1951年2月28日「国外居住外国人等に対する 債務の弁済のためにする供託の特例に関する政令」(昭和25年2月28日政令第 22号、‘供託特例政令’)と、これを施行するための「国外居住外国人等に対す る債務の弁済のためにする供託の特例に関する政令の施行に関する命令」(昭 和25年2月28日法務府令、大蔵省令第1号、‘施行命令’)を共に制定·公布し た。以後、現在までに供託特例政令は8回、そして施行命令は9回にわたって 改正されたが、本研究は供託特例政令とその施行命令の制定の背景と主な内容、そして特例とした規定を分析し、その後、改正された内容の意味と特徴に 焦点を当てた。 両法令の主な特徴は次の通りである。 第一に、「国外居住外国人」の債権を特別に供託させ、これを「日本銀行の 円建て口座」に払い込み、既存の民法で規定した「消滅時効」が適用されず、 債権者の個人を代わり政府使節団の還付請求権を認めるなど非常に異例の特 例措置を規定した。その他、両政令は手続及び手続上の特例条項を含んで いる。 第二に、施行命令第1条には、日本の付属島に含まれない「国外」地域を 明示しているが、ここに「鬱陵島、独島(竹の島)及び済州島」が含まれてい る。これは筆者が初めて確認し論文として最初に報告するものである。 第三に、両法令の改正された内容のうち主な骨子は、GHQの供託命令と手 続きに関する内容を削除したこと、個人被害者を代理した政府使節団の還付請 求権条項を削除したこと、独島などを日本の付属島に含ませていない国外地域 に関する条項を削除したことなどである。以上の内容は動員された朝鮮人被害 者に対する未払金の供託手続きを制限したり、供託金を請求する可能性を下 げたり、その手続きを制限する内容であり、竹島領有権の主張に不利な条項を 削除する改正と言えることである。

영문 초록

In post-war Japan under GHQ/SCAP, the policies of GHQ and the Japanese government conflicted over the handling of unpaid wages for forced labor victims from former colonies, such as Koreans. While GHQ ultimately instructed debtors, companies and business owners, to deposit them in special management accounts, etc. in order to pay outstanding payments to Koreans, the Japanese government has since 1946 decided to deposit them with each local legal bureau in accordance with the deposit procedure under the Civil Act. instructed that In general, Japanese debtor companies and others followed the instructions of the Japanese government. After 1949, when the conclusion of the Japan Peace Treaty was expected and the end of GHQ’s military rule was imminent, GHQ eventually instructed the Japanese government to devise separate measures regarding the deposit system for overseas creditors, including Koreans, unlike the existing deposit procedure under the Civil Act, as a realistic alternative. Accordingly, on February 28, 1951, 「Prescript on Special Cases on Deposit for the Purpose of Repayment of Debts to Foreigners, etc. Living Abroad」 (Prescript No. 22) and 「Debt Repayment to Foreigners, etc. An Ordinance on the Enforcement of the Decree on Special Deposits (Ordinance of the Ministry of Justice, Ordinance of the Minister of Justice No. 1) was also enacted and promulgated. Since then, the Prescript on Special Cases in Deposit has been amended 8 times and the Enforcement Ordinace has been revised 9 times. This study focused on analyzing the meaning and characteristics. The main characteristics of the Prescript on Special Cases of Deposit and its Enforcement Ordinace are as follows. First, the funds of ‘foreigners residing abroad’ are specially deposited and transferred to the ‘yen account, bank of Japan’, the ‘statute of limitations’ prescribed in the existing civil law does not apply, and the right to request refund by the government delegation representing individual creditor was recongnized in the two laws. This is a very unusual special measure. In addition, it contains special provisions for deposit procedures and procedures unlike the existing civil law regulations. Second, Article 1 of the Enforcement Ordinace enumerates ‘overseas’ areas that are not included in Japan’s annexed islands, including ‘Ulleungdo, Dokdo(Take-shima), and Jejudo’. This is the one I have confirmed and reported as a thesis for the first time. Third, the main points of the revised contents of the two laws are the deletion of GHQ’s deposit order and procedures, the deletion of the clause on the right to claim refund by the government delegation representing individual victims, and the inclusion of clause Dokdo etc., as annexed islands of Japan. It is the point that the clause about overseas regions was deleted. Overall, the above content restricts the deposit procedure for unpaid money for Korean victims of forced labor, lowers the possibility of claiming the deposit, and restricts the procedure, and can be regarded as an amendment to delete provisions unfavorable to the claim to sovereignty over Dokdo.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 공탁 경위
Ⅲ. 공탁특례정령 및 시행명령의 주요 내용
Ⅳ. 공탁특례정령 및 시행명령 개정의 주요 내용
Ⅴ. 맺음말

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APA

오일환. (2023).조선인에 대한 미불금 공탁의 특례적 법령에 관한 연구. 韓日民族問題硏究, (), 61-106

MLA

오일환. "조선인에 대한 미불금 공탁의 특례적 법령에 관한 연구." 韓日民族問題硏究, (2023): 61-106

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