强制連行期 朝鮮人 名簿 調査 現況과 課題

• 영문명: Studies of Registers of Korean Workers conscripted by Japan during World War II －their Present Status and their Future－
• 발행기관: 한일민족문제학회
• 저자명: 다케우치 야스토(Takeuchi, Yasuto)
• 간행물 정보: 『韓日民族問題硏究』제16집, 195~243쪽, 전체 49쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2009.06.30

국문 초록

ここでは、発見された強制連行期の朝鮮人名簿についてまとめ、今後の課題について考えた。｢朝鮮人労務者に関する調査｣名簿は、1946年に厚生省勤労局が調査したものであり、現在16府県分が発見されている。完全な名簿が残されている事業所は少ないが、連行状況が具体的に判明するものもある。この調査史料から、100人以上が連行され、その名簿が存在する事業所をあげた。企業史料には朝鮮人名簿や連行状況を記したものがある。連行期の企業史料から名簿が判明しているものをあげた。戦後に企業から朝鮮人連盟やGHQへと提出された名簿もある。連行期に企業によって作成された名簿の発見は数少ない。企業史料としては、慶応義塾大学図書館、九州大学、北海道開拓記念館などの石炭関係史料などの調査が求められる。企業自身が保存している資料の公開も求められる。死亡者名簿には、当時企業側が作成したもの、産業報国会がまとめたもの、追悼碑に刻まれたもの、埋火葬関係史料や過去帳などを調査して戦後にまとめられたもの、企業·自治体などの史料を利用して社史·自治体史·組合史などに記されたものなどがある。主な死亡者名簿をあげ、大日本産業報国会｢殉職産業人名簿｣からは5人以上の朝鮮人死亡者が記されている事業所をあげた。自治体史料には、埋火葬関係資料、戸籍受付帳、朝鮮人登録索引簿、被災世帯基礎調査票、被爆者交付手帳受付、選挙関係綴、町民税賦課調書などがある。サハリンでは逃亡者に関する警察史料が発見されている。警察関係史料が発見されれば、より多くの逃亡者や帰国者の氏名が判明する。裁判史料にも連行者の氏名·住所が記されていることがある。供託史料としては、ꡔ経済協力 韓国105労働省調査朝鮮人に対する賃金未払債務調ꡕ所収の｢帰国朝鮮人労務者に対する未払賃金債務等に関する調査統計｣があり、この史料から供託事業所の一覧が作成できる。供託の際には氏名·住所などを記した供託名簿が作成されている。この供託名簿や社会保険名簿、貯金名簿などの公開が求められる。日本政府から韓国政府へと送られた軍人軍属関係名簿の多くは厚生省援護局関係史料である。そのうち主な名簿は、陸軍｢留守名簿｣、海軍｢軍人履歴原表｣、海軍｢軍属身上調査表｣である。これらの名簿を分析し、他の名簿と照合し、補充することが求められる。1949年末の大蔵省調査｢朝鮮人の在日資金｣で判明した未払い金額は、供託·未供託をあわせて2億4000万円近い。1956年の厚生省引揚援護局文書｢朝鮮出身のもとの陸海軍軍人軍属に対する給与について｣では、軍人軍属分の供託金は倍増し、9131万円になっている。2009年に入り、この頃の供託の増加状況を示す史料が公開された(氏名は非公開)。法務省は供託金の時効による歳入への納付を留保して保管し続けてきた。今も供託金は日本銀行にある。この供託金を利用しつつ、連行被害者賠償関係法を制定し、連行企業からの拠出をも求め、被害者個人への賠償のための基金を形成することもできるだろう。日韓交渉において、日本側は厚生省勤労局調査名簿や供託報告書名簿などの資料を持ちながら、韓国側に対し被害立証を求めていた。時期は遅れたが、いまからでも日本政府と関係企業が名簿類を公表し、歴史的な責任をとって和解に向けての道を切り開くことが求められている。

영문 초록

This paper is the outcome of a study of the registers of Korean workers who were drafted by the Japanese government for the purposes of the war effort during World War II, and suggests directions for the next stage of the study. Among the documents discovered recently is a survey of Korean workers which was carried out across eighteen prefectures and issued by the Works Department of Japan’s Ministry of Health and Labor (厚生省) in 1946. It is rare to find work places which kept their registers in an intact condition, but some found in certain prefectures provide information enough to establish facts about the practice of mobilization of Korean workers in Japanese factories during the period. This paper gives an account of the locations in which over 100 Korean workers provided the manpower for factories, the mining industry, and other work places. Among documents preserved by companies are some that record how and when Korean workers were moved, and how they worked. The present paper deals with register.like documents found among them. After the war some of these firms submitted such documents to the Association of Korean Residents in Japan, or to GHQ. Further investigation is required to dig into the archives of Keio University, Kyushu University, Kaitaku Museum (開拓記念館) in Hokkaido, and the document collections of any related individual firms dating from the period. The writer was able to get confirmation of the names of those who were moved or had died in Japan through close examination of the records created by some of the companies, and by the Association for Promoting Industry and National Wealth (産業報國會), or from some epitaph on which the names were inscribed, from records kept by burial agencies, and from official records in local administrations, including house registers, indexes of the registers of Korean workers, and papers used in election campaigns. A police record found In Sakhalin Prefecture reveals some names of people who tried to escape from their work site, a discovery which calls for further research to be done into relevant papers collected by police offices across the country in order to ascertain who tried to escape from the forced work places or returned home to Korea. Even some court records provide names and addresses of people arrested for suspected crimes. At the same time, documents relating to entrust procedure contain names and addresses, and details of the banking transactions, so they offer evidence enabling us to identify who the registered people were. The Japanese government has already sent to the Korean government the registration material relating to Korean people who had been drafted during the war as soldiers or workers, most of which had been produced by a department of the Ministry of Health and Labor. They include military registers maintained by the Japanese Army and personal records held by the Marine Corps, which need to be closely examined. According to an official document called the Amount of Capital held by Korean Residents in Japan issued in late 1949 by Japan’s Ministry of Finance, the amount of money left unpaid to Korean soldiers and workers stood at 240 million Yen which included both deposit and non‐deposit money which should have been paid to Korean workers. Another paper, The Payroll for Soldiers of the Japanese Army and Marine Corps from Korea published by the Ministry of Health and Labor in 1956, shows the total of the should‐have been‐paid money reaching 0.913 million Yen. Added to that, in recent times, a report was made public which showed the increase in the amount of the money not paid (the information provider’s name is unknown). It has also been revealed that Japan’s Ministry of Law had kept the money, not transferring the deposit money to the tax source after the specified guaranteed period.

목차

Ⅰ. 후생성 근로국(厚生省勤勞局) 조사 사료

Ⅱ. 기업 사료

Ⅲ. 사망자 명부 관계 사료

Ⅳ. 지자체 사료

Ⅴ. 도망자.귀국자 사료

Ⅵ. 공탁 관계 사료

Ⅶ. 군인군속 관계 사료

Ⅷ. 강제노동 배상기금의 설립

키워드

조선인명부 강제동원 사료 Korean List Forced Mobilization Historical Records