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아시아太平洋戰爭에 動員된 朝鮮人勞務者의 經驗과 敍事

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영문명
Experience and Description from the Korean labor mobilized in the Asia-Pacific War
발행기관
한일민족문제학회
저자명
鄭惠瓊(Jeong, Hye-Gyeong)
간행물 정보
『韓日民族問題硏究』제20집, 245~278쪽, 전체 34쪽
주제분류
인문학 > 역사학
파일형태
PDF
발행일자
2011.06.30
6,880

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국문 초록

1931年満州で始まった日本のアジア太平洋戦争は日本の帝国(本土, 植民地, 占領地域など) 全域の人的·物的資源を動員した総動員戦争であった。4千万人に至る東アジアと太平洋の民衆が戦争に巻き込まれ、食糧と鉱物から塩と医薬品に至るまですべての物資が動員された。このすべての事は国家総動員法と国民徴用領など関係法令によって遂行された日本国家権力による公式的な行為であった。 年間人員 800万名余(慰安婦除外)が帝国全域(朝鮮半島, 中国, サハリン, 日本, 東南アジア, 太平洋)に動員され、朝鮮半島で戦争遂行のための物資生産作業場、鉄道と道路、軍需施設物など関連作業場は7千余個所に達する。戦争に動員されない朝鮮の民衆たちは様々な供出品目を満たさなければならなかった。動員主観者(総督府管理、区長など)は動員のための政策遂行及び宣伝を担当した。結局、日本のアジア太平洋戦争と言うのは朝鮮半島のすべての民衆たちが経験した共通の歴史であると同時に彼らが初めて経験した近代戦争である総動員戦争であっt。 しかしこれらの経験は植民地の歴史の中で記録(口述)と敍事へつながりにくかった。20世紀を支配した‘植民地民だったから当然味わう痛み’であったという社会的共感は彼らの口を防ぐ役目をした。1965年韓日協定締結以後、政治的に自分たちの権利を要求できなかった雰囲気も一助した。21世紀に入って政府次元の調査が始まって、地域社会次元の研究が進行され、関心は高くなったが生存者に接することが難しくなったという問題が発生した。 日本のアジア太平洋戦争に動員された被害の経験は民族問題と階級問題を包括している。したがって、彼らの経験を発話につながるようにするためには経験の特性に対する社会的な理解が必要である。現在、研究者たちに彼らの経験を伝えられる経験当事者は非常に少ない。家族は当事者の経験を理解できないとか共有する部分がほとんどない。なので、現在やるべきことは熱情的な口述採録ではなく、今まで収集した資料に対する悩みと省察である。アジア太平洋戦争に動員された労務者たちの経験を発話につなげ、敍事化する理由は何か。これに対する悩みの過程と自ら得た解答が今後の敍事化方向及び研究方法に重要な指針になるであろう。 そのためにこの文では第一に強制動員被害者(アジア太平洋戦争に動員された朝鮮人労務者)らが経験した経験の特性を土台で発話が持つ意味及び特性を見て、第二に敍事化及び研究方向を提示した。研究方向は三である。 第一、帝国史観点で理解する必要がある。アジア太平洋戦争を植民地朝鮮の青年だけではなく東アジア民衆が一緒に経験した総動員戦争の経験として接近する必要がある。 第二, 戦時体制期を韓国戦争など韓国現代史と連携した統合的な観点の研究である。そのためには地域事例研究が望ましい。特定地域の社会経済的実態(人口変化、強制動員現況、所在地作業場リスト、産業実態)に基づいて強制動員の経験者たちが以後地域社会で生活しながら経験した韓国現代史を見る研究である。 第三、口述を中心に多様な資料を活用する研究である。文献資料は勿論、映像物(映画、ドラマなど)と写真など非文献資料、新聞と雑誌などメディア資料を総体的に活用する研究方法が必要である。

영문 초록

The Asia-Pacific War began in 1931 in Manchurian incident which was the war of the human general mobilization to bring the resources to the whole area of the Japanese empire (including the mainland, colony, occupation area). There are 40 million people from East Asia and the Pacific were drawn into a war, and all the supply of goods was mobilized including food, mineral, salt and medical supplies. It was the official transaction by the power of the state of Japan to perform by the legislation of the General Mobilization and laws and the command for the regulation of the requisition. Over 8 million(exclude the comfort women) are mobilized in the whole empire(the Korean Peninsula, China, Sakhalin, Japan, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific) by yearly. And there are over 7,000 workshops and places in Korea which are relevant to the war to produce goods, railroad, road, and munitionsfacilities. Peoples who have not been drawn into a war and workplaces still had to offer the various items. The supervisor of the mobilization(including governor-general’s office management, the head of a ward) was in charge of the conducting the policy for the mobilization and promulgate. The Asia-Pacific War is the primal experience to Koreans as a modern warfare and also the war of the general mobilization as a common history to everyone which had been through together in Korean peninsula. However, it was difficult to keep records during this period of the colony. Because of the bond of sympathy developed between people of the 20th century so people naturally thought this is unavoidable pain and it stopped people’s mouth. And also the atmosphere of this period was not able to demand their rights so it contributes to the agreement after the conclusion politically on 1965 KoreaJapan treaty. Turn into the 21st century the government has begun the study and thereis a rising interest on studying community dimension which was in progress however running against a stump with contact to survivors. The experience of damage mobilized in the Asia-Pacific War contains a racial problem and the issue of classes. Therefore, the social understanding for the characteristic of the experience is necessary to lead to utterance their experiences. There are very few people who can transmission of their experiences to people. Even the families of the experienced could not understand or share the experiences of them. What we should focus on now is the documentswhich we collected for the past few year rather than oral transcription. Why we keep asking people to give testimony of their experiences and take records as it come? This is because it will become the guideline for the direction and study methods thru the process of getting an answer. Therefore I would like to focus on the meanings and characters of the utterance firstly and the next is proposing the description and way of study. The way of study needed are three. First, need to understand from the viewpointof the empire. It needsto approach from a standpoint that experience of the general mobilization war that not only for the Korean but also for the East Asia people in the Asia-PacificWar. Secondly, it is the study of the integrated point of view that cooperated with Korean contemporary history including the Korean War in 1950-1953. It is desired for a case-study for this study. This is a study to watch the Korean contemporary history that people experienced while people forced to mobilization to live a life based on the socioeconomic state(i.e. population change, the current states of forced mobilization workshops and workplaces, and industry situation) of the particular area afterward in a community. It is a study to utilize a variety of documents mainly on the third as an oral statement. Documentsas well as media references (including a movie, the drama) and the media document like the non-documents including the photographs, newspapers and the magazines generally is necessary.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 아시아태평양 戰爭으로 動員된 朝鮮人勞務者의 經驗과 發話
Ⅲ. 經驗에서 敍事로: 敍事化의 方向
Ⅳ. 맺음말

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APA

鄭惠瓊(Jeong, Hye-Gyeong). (2011).아시아太平洋戰爭에 動員된 朝鮮人勞務者의 經驗과 敍事. 韓日民族問題硏究, 20 , 245-278

MLA

鄭惠瓊(Jeong, Hye-Gyeong). "아시아太平洋戰爭에 動員된 朝鮮人勞務者의 經驗과 敍事." 韓日民族問題硏究, 20.(2011): 245-278

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