近代中國西南邊地研究述略

• 영문명: An Overview of Southwest Border Area Study of Modern China
• 발행기관: 경북대학교 아시아연구소
• 저자명: 陳博翼(CHEN Boyi)
• 간행물 정보: 『아시아연구』제10호, 1~14쪽, 전체 14쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2010.08.30

국문 초록

近代中國，內憂外患，政治與學術之交織更爲紛擾。新的挑戰與經世思潮並行，王國維所謂的「道咸以降……治地理者逮四裔」正是邊地之學興起的寫照。在「救亡」與「啟蒙」雙重作用力下，形勢上的急迫性促使了邊疆之學的興起（而不僅僅局限于最初的西北史地之學）。另外，由于西方近代學術的影響，在原有朴學傳統的學術脈絡下，歷史地理學的興起奠定了西南史地研究的基礎。英法人士出於實際利益需求關注和研究西南，他們畱下不少「勘探」材料，至今仍未被充分重視和研究。隨著英法殖民的逼壓，西南邊地尤其是疆界問題日益受關注，也產生了許多研究和討論。不僅當時的學者多著眼于與英法殖民相關的一系列問題，如邊界、鐵路、國防等，國民政府也有所行動，以行政力量完成了不少西南邊地調查。日本侵華使「大後方」更受關注，這一時期的專著也圍繞抗戰主題展開，顯示出中國人的精神風貌。中國學者人類學意義上的調查也在這種大背景下繼續增強，這個過程與考古學的進展是同步的。中華人民共和國時期的研究則主要集中于邊界和民族問題，顯示了在國家和族群意識下的歷史和現實關註。民族學和人類學在西南的充分實踐，爲二十世紀八十年代以後更深入的「界」與「非界」、族群（ethnicity）與身份認同（identity）、國家與地方的關繫和互動等多層次的「歷史人類學」研究奠定了基礎。本文將對近代以來幾個不同 時期的西南邊地研究及相關討論進行梳理和介紹，以期對後來的研究有所幫助。

영문 초록

As China was full of suffering coming from both outside and inside after the late 19th century, the political situation affected the scholarship much, especially in the idea of Statecraft. As Sir Wang Guowei had concluded that after Dao Guang and Xianfeng Periods the geographers focus on border studies much. It’s absolutely true at that time, and really described the situation pertinently. Below the duel pressures of “Save the Nation” and “Enlighten the People”，the urgent situation caused the rising of border study, not only limited to the former Northwest Study at all. On the other hand, affected by the Western academic and based on the traditional academic(Pu Xue) context, the rise of historical geography study finally established the basis of Southwest Study. The British and French people who focus much more on their benefits on the Southwest China were also enthusiastic to the regional research. They left a lot of investigations which were paid few attentions and lack of research before. With the press of their steps went deeper and deeper into the southwest day and day, the Chinese naturally paid more attentions to the frontier, including the border field, the railway field, the national defense and so on, and the officials and scholars had lots of discussions and writings. When the time came to the Anti-Japanese war, southwest became the last place the Chinese could stand and it was certainly attracted by the whole country. At that time the study related to the resistance, the strategy and the spirit of China. Chinese scholars also got great success in anthropological fieldworks on that background, simultaneously the archeology study got its achievements. In the People’s Republic China Period, scholars focus more on border and ethnic groups, which indicate the historical and real concern below the National and ethnical consciousness. The full practice of ethnology and anthropology lead to a deeper study after 80s in 20th century, which we call it historical anthropology study(or history and anthropology study).It contain the study of border, ethnicity, identity and the interaction between the State and local place. I try my hard to overview the Southwest Studies and show the characteristics of different studies in these fluid periods, hoping others could benefit afterward from this introduction.

목차

一、西南邊地

二、近代西南邊地研究

三、日本侵華與西南邊地研究

四、其他與西南邊地相關的研究

五、晚近的一些研究

키워드

西南研 究 邊地 区 域研 究 Southwest Study Frontier Regional Study