송대 유학에 미친 불교의 영향

• 영문명: The Impact of Buddhism on Confucism in Song_ On the Focus of the Processes of establishing Zhu Xi Learning(朱子學)
• 발행기관: 한국동양철학회
• 저자명: 김제란
• 간행물 정보: 『동양철학』東洋哲學 제19집, 223~260쪽, 전체 38쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 철학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2003.07.30

국문 초록

이 논문에서는 朱子가 道南學派와 湖相學派에 대해 불교 논리라고 비판한 내용과 이들을 지양하여 中和新說을 성립시키는 과정에 나타난 불교의 영향을 다루었다. 첫째, 道南學派가 ‘未發體驗이 곧 中이고 性’이라는 학설을 지지하게 되는 경위와 주자가 이를 禪 불교, 특히 黙照禪와 유사하다고 하는 비판을 살펴보았다. 도남학파가 말하는 ‘靜坐에 의한 未發의 中의 體認’이라는 방법이 선 불교의 坐禪入定의 방법, 즉 묵조선과 일치하기 때문이다. 둘째, 湖相學派에서 ‘仁’을 불교의 ‘覺’으로 해석한 것은 知覺을 性으로 보는 것이므로 看話禪의 ‘작용이 바로 性이다’(作用是性)’는 불교적 논리와 같다고 비판하는 내용을 살펴보았다. 셋째, 주자가 중화신설을 성립시키는 과정에서 도남학파와 호상학파를 불교 논리라고 비판하고 지양하는 과정을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 송대 성리학인 주자학이나 도남학, 호상학 모두 불교 사상의 영향을 받아 형성,발전되어간 것이라고 결론지을 수 있다.

영문 초록

It is well known that Confucism in Song has deeply related with Buddhism. This point revealed in Zhu Xi's many comments on that matter. Zhu Xi(朱子) have been under the influence of thoughts of Zhou Duanyi(周敦頤), Zhang Zai(張載), Cheng Hao(程顥) and Cheng Yi(程頤). Nevertheless, he criticised them by reason of the fact that there were atmosphere of Buddhism in them. And Zhu Xi not only criticised The School of Do Nam(道南學派) which were connected by Yang Shi(楊時)- Luo Congyan(羅從彦)- Li Yeonping(李延平), but also opposed to The School of Ho Sang(湖相學派) which led to Xie Liangzuo(謝良佐)- Hu Hong(胡宏)- Zhang Jiucheng(張九成). The present essay is concerned with Zhu Xi's criticism on The School of Ho Sang & Do Nam and the impact of Buddhism on Zhu Xi's thought, especially during the processes of establishing his thoughts. In order to elucidate something complicated approach, three interrelated issues are considered. (a) The School of Do Nam approves the ideas of Cheng Yi, but supports the ideas of Zhang Zai at the point that the experience of Weifa(未發體驗) is identical with Zhong(中) and the Nature(性). Zhu Xi criticised it, because the thoughts of Do Nam School are similiar with Zen(禪佛敎), especially Silent Contemplation Zen(黙照禪). (b) The School of Ho Sang interpretated ‘Ren(Humanity, 仁)’ with ‘Enlightenment(覺)’. Zhu Xi criticised it, because they have same logic with Zen(禪佛敎), especially Contemplation Zen of words(看話禪). The School of Ho Sang did not separate ‘the mind(心)’ and ‘the nature(性)’. So Zhu Xi thought that it was very similiar with the logic of Contemplation Zen of words, especially in the expression that the Function is identical with the Nature(作用是性). (c) The present essay is concerned with Zhu Xi's criticism on the School of Do Nam & Ho Sang. Zhu Xi's thoughts are established during the process of criticism on them. Concretely speaking, Zhu Xi insists that Zhong of Weifa(未發之中) is never identical with the Nature. This has anything to do with The School of Do Nam. Next, there needs a study of ‘Gewu zhizythPutting all things into the correct conceptual grid, extending to the utmost one's range of comprehension, 格物致知)’. That is connected with the School of Ho Sang. Throughout criticism on them, Zhu Xi completed the theory that the mind rules the Nature and the Feelings(心統性情說). Eventually, the theory of ‘Zhong he(Balance and Harmony, 中和)’ and the ideas of Do Nam & Ho Sang School, namely Confucism in Song has been established throught the influence of Buddhism on them.

목차

국문요약

Ⅰ. 머리말

Ⅱ. 道南學派와 黙照禪

Ⅲ. 湖湘學派와 看話禪

Ⅳ. 朱子의 心性情 이론의 정립과 불교의 영향

Ⅴ. 맺음말

參考文獻

ABSTRACT

키워드

도남학 호상학 주자학 黙 照禪 看話禪 中和 논변 格物致知