环保督察制度法治化：实践困境及其优化路径

• 영문명: The Legalization of the Environmental Protection Supervision System: Practical Challenges and Optimization Paths
• 발행기관: YIXIN 출판사
• 저자명: Zhao Lingrong Qian Duo
• 간행물 정보: 『Journal of China Studies』Vol.3 No.2, 51~58쪽, 전체 8쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2025.02.28

국문 초록

The environmental protection supervision system is an essential instrument for China’s ecological civilization construction. However, it faces numerous challenges in practice. First, the system lacks sufficient legal basis, with current regulations having low legal efficacy and no support from high-level laws, undermining the authority and stability of supervision. Second, the legal status of the supervision institutions is unclear. Regional environmental supervision centers rely on commissions from environmental departments, lacking independent law enforcement powers and overlapping functions with local environmental authorities. Additionally, the accountability procedures are imperfect, with vague standards, unclear processes, and insufficient transparency in results, affecting the system’s credibility and effectiveness. To address these issues, this paper proposes the following optimization paths: First, improve the legal system by drawing on international experiences and enacting high-level laws for environmental supervision to clarify the system’s framework and operational mechanisms. Second, enhance the legal status of supervision institutions by granting them independent law enforcement powers and optimizing their structure. Third, standardize accountability procedures by improving the initiation, investigation, decision-making, and information disclosure processes to increase the normativity and transparency of accountability. By legalizing the environmental protection supervision system, a long-term environmental governance mechanism can be established to advance China’s ecological civilization construction.

영문 초록

环保督察制度是中国推进生态文明建设的重要手段，但在实践中面临诸多困境。首先，制度的法律依据不足，现行法规效力层级较低，缺乏高位阶法律支撑，削弱了督察的权威性和稳定性。其次，环保督察机构的法律地位不明确，区域环保督察中心依赖环保部门委托，缺乏独立执法权，且与地方环保部门职能重叠。此外，问责程序不完善，标准模糊、流程不清晰、结果公开透明度不足，影响了制度的公信力和有效性。针对这些问题，本文提出以下优化路径：一是完善法律体系，借鉴国际经验，制定高位阶的环保督察法律法规，明确制度框架和运行机制；二是提升环保督察机构的法律地位，赋予其独立执法权，优化机构设置；三是规范问责程序，完善问责启动、调查核实、处理决定及信息公开等环节，增强问责的规范性和透明度。通过法治化路径完善环保督察制度，构建长效环境治理机制，推动生态文明建设。

목차

Ⅰ. 引言

Ⅱ. 环保督察制度的研究现状

Ⅲ. 环保督察制度的实践困境

Ⅳ. 环保督察制度的优化路径

Ⅴ. 结论

키워드

Environmental Protection Supervision System Legalization Practical Challenges Optimization Paths 环保督察制度 法治化 实践困境 优化路径