농업은행의 설립과 운영

• 영문명: Establishment & Management of Agricultural Bank
• 발행기관: 한국근현대사학회
• 저자명: 金玟錫(Kim, Min-suk)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국근현대사연구』제72집, 249~284쪽, 전체 36쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2015.03.30

영문 초록

During the Syngman Rhee government, the prime need for a farmer who became a small-scale independent farmer after farmland reform was the economic self-support ability. This issue of an economic self-support ability could be solved through long-term finance support which could improve agricultural productivity other than short-term finance for covering immediate living expenses and the interest on high-interest loan. The necessity of a special law-based agricultural finance was raised. Agricultural finance was discussed together with (the plan for)the establishment of the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation. Even the plan for a farmer’s direct control of agricultural finance was suggested in the midst of inquiries into cooperatives. Around political & administrative circles, there was also a movement aiming at putting the agricultural finance under the control of the Ministry of Finance and Bank of Korea. Such an argument was actually based on the Syngman Rhee government’s wartime control economic policy rather than the worries about the professionalism of banking business. The policy of the Syngman Rhee government was supported by financial associations which controlled the rural areas as the government agency organization during Japanese Occupation and the United States Military Government Authorities, and the US Cooper Bill. However, due to the resistance from various circles, the legislation of the Act on Agricultural Bank miscarried all the time. The Syngman Rhee government’s establishment of Agricultural Bank Co.,Ltd. was the measure to reject the compromise with agricultural finance. Such a measure incurred the resistance of the National Assembly, but played a part in construction of Agricultural Bank based on the Special Act. The Agricultural Bank was established around the personnel who were involved in the financial associations and agricultural bank Co.,Ltd. Nevertheless, the Bank didn’t get enough support to find a solution to farmhouse’s high-interest loan and to aggressively promote the productivity improvement in rural areas. Even in the practical business process, the relevant Bank put emphasis on efficiency and soundness as a financial institution instead of aggressive loan support for farmers. The principle of strict loan and loan within deposit for agricultural cooperatives put shame to the reason of existence of Agricultural Bank which should have been an organization for supporting low-credit farmers. After the collapse of the Syngman Rhee government, the discussion about reorganization and dissolution of Agricultural Bank became active. After the May 16 coup, the Agricultural Bank was dissolved in the form of being integrated into the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation, and the bank branches in urban areas were transferred to the Small and Medium Industry Bank.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 농업은행 설립의 배경

3. 농업은행의 설립

4. 농업은행의 운영

5. 맺음말

참고문헌

키워드

금융조합연합회 농업금융 농업은행 농업협동조합 농림부 재무부 financial associations agricultural finance Agricultural Bank national agricultural cooperatives Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of Finance