조선총독부 발행 1910·20년대 교과서의 보건·위생론

• 영문명: The Theory of Health and Hygiene in the Textbooks of the Governor-General of Joseon in the 1910s and 20s
• 발행기관: 한일민족문제학회
• 저자명: 최재성(Choe, Jae-Seong)(崔在聖)
• 간행물 정보: 『韓日民族問題硏究』제38집, 5~53쪽, 전체 49쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2020.06.30

국문 초록

The purpose of this article is to examine the health and hygiene descriptions of the textbooks published by the Governor-General of Joseon and to find the contents of the discipline that the colonial powers aimed at. In addition, the research method reviewed the health and hygiene-related units for three subjects of textbooks: Moral training, Joseon-language reading, and National-language(Japanese) reading, in which the “will” of Japanese colonial rule is directly and explicitly projected. In addition, the descriptions of the textbooks were tracked by time to extract the theory of health and hygiene of colonial powers and compared with articles from other media (newspapers, magazines, etc.). In this paper, we first considered the process of publishing textbooks in the 1910s and 20s. In 1911, the “Joseon Education Ordinance” was enforced, but the Japanese Government-General of Joseon could not immediately issue textbooks as new contents, so it first used textbooks compiled by the Korean Empire’s undergraduate departments. Thus, ‘correct’ textbooks were published from 1911. At the same time, the Japanese Government-General of Joseon started a textbook compilation project in accordance with the school system and the confirmation of each school curriculum, and published almost all of the books for ordinary schools in 1917. In 1922, a new ‘Joseon Education Ordinance’ and ordinary school regulations were promulgated and enforced again. Accordingly, textbooks for ordinary schools were newly published. From the 1910s to the 1920s, textbooks were published three times. Secondly, we looked at the logic of health and hygiene. The 1910s and 20s textbooks are based on the theory of health and hygiene that health and hygiene should be taken care of for filial piety (parent), public interest (society), and loyalty (state). Furthermore, there is a logic that health spreads in the order of individuals, societies, and countries. Third, we identified characteristics through key words. What can be seen from the core words of textbooks published in the 1910s and 20s is, first, units of subjects directly related to an individual’s body in lower-level courses, and units of topics related to public hygiene in higher-level courses. Second, it is a characteristic of each period, which shows that new content has been added or replaced by the latter.

영문 초록

本稿の研究目的は朝鮮総督府が発行した教科書の保健·衛生に関する記 述を調べ、植民権力が目指していた規律の内容を探ることだ。また、研究方 法は日帝(総督府)の“意志”が直接的かつ露骨に投影されている修身、朝鮮語 読本、国語読本の3科目の教科書を対象として保健·衛生関連の単元を検討 した。また、教科書の叙述を時期別に追跡し、植民権力の保健·衛生論を抽 出し、他のメディア(新聞、雑誌など)の記事とも比較した。 この論文ではまず1910~20年代の教科書発行過程を考察した。1911年、朝 鮮教育令が実施されたが、朝鮮総督府は教科書を新しい内容で直ちに発行 できないため、代わりに大韓帝国の学部編纂教科書を活用した。1911年から ‘訂正’教科書が発行された。それと同時に朝鮮総督府は学制および各学校の 教科課程の確定に合わせて教科書編纂事業に着手し、1917年に普通学校の 教科用図書のほぼ全てを出版した。1922年には再び新しい朝鮮教育令と普通 学校規定が公布され、4月から施行された。それに伴い普通学校の教科書も 新たに発行された。1910年代から1920年代に至るまで、このように3次にわたり 教科書が発行された。 第二に、保健·衛生の論理を考察した。1910~20年代の教科書では親孝 行(親)、公益(社会)、忠誠(国家)のために健康と衛生に注意しなければならないというのが保健·衛生論に基づいている。さらにこの三つを網羅して健康が個人·社会·国家に波及するという論理もある。3番目に、核心語を通じて特徴を把握した。1910~20年代発行の教科書の核心語から分かるのは、第1に、より下級課程では個人の身体と直接関連のあるテーマの單元であり、より高級課程では公衆衛生と関連したテーマの單元だ。第二に、時期別の特徴として、後期にいくほど新しい内容が追加されたり、交替したりすることが分かる。

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말

Ⅱ. 1910년대 초 대한제국 교과서를 ‘정정’한 교과서의 보건·위생론

Ⅲ. 1910년대 중후반 조선총독부 첫 편찬 교과서의 보건·위생론

Ⅳ. 1920년대 ‘신 교육령’ 시행 후 교과서의 보건·위생론

Ⅴ. 맺음말

키워드

조선총독부 교과서 보건 위생 청결 효도 공익 충성 Governor-General of Joseon Textbook Health Hygiene Clean filial piety public interest loyalty