20세기 일본기업의 조직과 지배구조

• 영문명: Organization and Governance of the Japanese Enterprises in the 20th Century
• 발행기관: 중앙대학교 중앙사학연구소
• 저자명: 여인만(YEO, In-man)
• 간행물 정보: 『중앙사론』제34집, 45~81쪽, 전체 37쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2011.12.31

영문 초록

The Zaibatsu known as an idiosyncratic corporate organization in Japan is a variant of European holding company which is modified to fit into Japanese social and historic tradition. Before the World War Ⅱ, the necessity of prohibiting monopoly was not prevailed in Japan as was the case of Europe. After the War, economic system in Japan became Americanized due to reform policies imposed by the SCAP (Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers), which entailed a dissolution of Zaibatsu. Later, a new form of business group emerged to cope with increasing hostile acquisitions, and it has contributed to rapid growth of Japanese economy up until 1980s. In terms of corporate governance structure, the power of shareholders was strong in Japanese companies before WWⅡ. Nonetheless, as is the case of typical Zaibatsu, the power of the managerial class was secured to some extent. (so called the age of limited managerial enterprises) After WWⅡ, business groups in the absence of control tower which existed before the War such as holding company or family members of the founder took the function of stabilizing shareholdership mainly through cross-shareholding, thereby enhancing independence of the management. (the age of managers) The burst of bubble economy followed by the long-term recession weakened and/or dissolved the existing business groups, thus the Anti-Trust Law was modified as the global competition intensified. In this context, the establishment of pure holding company which was prohibited for a long period of time since WWII was permitted. In conclusion, the unique organizational and governance structure of Japanese corporation stemmed not only from the global universality, but also from distinctive features based on Japanese history and culture. If we look at the recent changes, the conventional logic of Japanese corporate idiosyncrasy should be rectified. Business organization though it is said to be originated from indigenous socio-historic background can only function and maintain when it exert economic efficiency in particular times.

목차

들어가며

Ⅰ. 재벌의 형성과 기능: 20세기 전반

Ⅱ. 기업집단의 형성과 변화 : 20세기 후반

Ⅲ. 지주회사의 등장과 그 의미 : 21세기

맺음말

참고문헌

키워드

기업조직 기업지배구조 사업부제 조직 재벌 기업집단 지주회사 경영자 혁명 주식상호보유 주주 중시 독점금지법 business organization corporate governance multi-divisional structure Zaibatsu business group holding company managerial revolution cross-shareholding maximizing shareholder value anti-trust law