식물육종신기술(NPBTs)의 발전에 따른 신규식물(Novel Plant)의 위해성평가 동향

• 영문명: Novel Plant Breeding Techniques and Risk Assessment
• 발행기관: 한국육종학회
• 저자명: 임명호(Myung-Ho Lim) 우희종(Hee-Jong Woo) 신공식(Kong-Sik Shin) 류태훈(Tae-Hoon Ryu) 여윤수(Yunsoo Yeo) 권순종(Soon-Jong Kweon) 박순기(Soon Ki Park)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국육종학회지』Vol.46 No.4, 333~341쪽, 전체 9쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 기타농수해양
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2014.12.30

영문 초록

In recent years, novel plant breeding techniques (NPBTs) have emerged, and safety assessment of the novel plant(s) generated using the NPBTs has drawn the attention of many stakeholders. The notable characteristics of the novel plants are as follows: firstly, it is almost impossible to distinguish from the natural mutations in the conventional counterparts, because site-directed nuclease (SDN) and oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis (ODM) could introduce short indel(s) in the targeted region(s) of the chromosomes. Secondly, the genome constitution of novel plants is almost identical to that of their conventional counterparts, eventually becoming indistinguishable by the introduction of only unmodified gene(s) from sexually compatible species to the target host plant. Thirdly, it is possible to generate new plants that have the desired traits, but without introducing genes. These plants will have some modified bases in their genome by selecting null-segregant(s) from heterozygous transgenic plants or by other epigenetic methods. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and many countries developing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have concluded that novel plants developed using SDN, ODM, cisgenesis, intragenesis, or null-segregant techniques are treated in the same manner as non-genetically modified (GM) plants or may even have less strict risk assessments depending on the case. Additionally, grafting and agro-infiltration are methods that can be used to avoid or reduce the burden of current strict GMO risk assessment. The risk assessments of some of the novel plants have already been performed and those of commercially important plants are expected to be performed in the near future. Hence, it is necessary to develop a competitive and practical NPBT that can mitigate the concern and revulsion toward GMOs in Korea.

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키워드

Novel plant breeding techniques (NPBTs) Genetically modified organism (GMO) Novel plant Safety assessment Risk assessment