“민주주의 학문”으로 정치학의 도입?

• 영문명: American Influences on Academic Fields in the Federal Republic of Germany
• 발행기관: 한국독일사학회
• 저자명: 박용희(Park Yong hee)
• 간행물 정보: 『독일연구』Vol.28, 149~180쪽, 전체 32쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2014.12.30

영문 초록

The aim of this paper is to explore the U.S. occupier s policy of reeducation together with the emergence of German political science after the Second World War. At first, it tried to provide a look into how the Cold War and the founding of the new state in the late 1940s weakened the initial momentum and independence of German intellectuals for education reform. It reveals how this transition coincided with U.S. Military Government and later the High Commission, becoming interested in organizing and training western German elites in democracy. The U.S. occupation authorities hoped that the establishment of the political science at new opening German universities would help the promotion of the democratic education. For this purpose, American officials exerted the homecoming of Jewish and other scholars and intellectuals in America who had been forced to flee Germany at the Nazi-period. The few emigrants who returned to take up permanent residence in West Germany and to teach and conduct research at West German universities played a key role in establishing the political science in Germany. In contrast to them, the majority of German scholars at that time assumed a critical attitude toward the establishment of political science in German universities because they thought that the political science is an american science . The majority of German intellectuals generally thought of American culture as a trashy , vulgar and primitive mass culture. So, America s cultural independence came as a surprise to many, for America had traditionally been regarded as an intellectual colony of Europe. Only a few West Germans in 1950 saw American culture and scholarship as a model for German reconstruction. One of them was Ernst Fraenkel, a political scientist who had returned from the United States. Supported by American Officials he began to study the American political system and tried to foster American studies in Berlin. Later, the Berlin Senate acted on the suggestion of Ernst Fraenkel to make an American institute which developed to the John F. Kennedy-Institut für Nordamerikastudien since 1963. However, he was never an uncritical Intellectual to the American political culture. It is no doubt that there are significant gaps between his assessment of the american political culture and his approval to that. He refers, for example, to the democratic political system in the USA as the most developed system in the world. But he never idealized it as a national product of the Americans, but he found it a co-product of Western cultures.

목차

I. 들어가며

II. 서독 정치학의 성립과 미국의 역할

1. 미국의 점령지 정책과 연계된 서독 정치학

2. 서독 정치학의 확립과 미국의 지원

3. 독일 출신 역이민(逆移民, Remigranten) 정치학자들의 역할

III. 전후 서독 정치학자의 미국 및 민주주의 인식-에른스트 프랭켈(Ernst Fraenkel)의 경우

1. 역이민 정치학자 프랭켈

2. 프랭켈의 미국 및 민주주의 인식

IV. 나가며 - 비교를 통해 본 전후 서독 정치학

참 고 문 헌

키워드

학문의 미국화 재교육 정책 역이민 정치학자 교육교환 프로그램 에른스트 프랭켈 americanization of science reeducation-policy re-emigrants exchange-program Ernst Fraenkel