Краткий сравнительный анализ корейского и якутского шаманизма

• 발행기관: 조선대학교 국제문화연구원
• 저자명: к.филол.н. Николаева Т.
• 간행물 정보: 『국제문화연구』Vol.8 No.2, 15~36쪽, 전체 22쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 기타인문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2015.12.30

영문 초록

According to the existing theories the ancestors of Koreans trace their origin from Siberia, from where they came to the territory of the Korean Peninsula. The ancestors of the Yakuts, ethnic group, living in the North- eastern Siberia , also probably came from the territory of the Baikal region. The exact origins of the two peoples are unknown, there are only different hypotheses, but some scientists speculate about the possible relationship of the two ethnic groups. Mentioning the theory of relationship of Turkic language group and Altaic languages we can also mention some similarities that could be found in the Yakut and Korean culture. One of the oldest forms of religious faith of these two peoples is shamanism. Russian and foreign researchers agree that word shaman came into the science from northern part of Siberia from Tungus language through Russian language. This article provides a brief comparative analysis of Korean and Yakut shamanism as religious, peculiar and mysterious faith system, identifies common and distinctive features . Place of the Shaman in the Yakut and Korean culture is unique. Shamanism keeps its fundamental form, slightly modifying under the influence of other religions, but at the same time without losing its value despite the spread of Western culture. One of the main similarities between the two cultures is a model of the Universe. In Yakutia and in Korea the universe consists of three worlds - Upper, Middle and Lower Worlds. Middle world is a world where live common people, Upper world is home of gods, and the Lower world is inhabited by evil spirits. Also according to the beliefs of both nations, these three worlds are connected by Cosmic Tree. In the upper world its branches embracing the sun and moon according to the beliefs of the Koreans. Yakut people believe that in the upper world tree looks like horse hitching post. In the lower world according to the beliefs of both peoples located roots of tree, which bent in such a way that they could not pull out by the evil spirits of the lower world. On this plain of existence, Shamans take role of mediators between different worlds. Additionally, their missions are healing diseases from supernatural existence, sending back spirits of dead people to the ancient world and performing different ceremonies for offering sacrifice to gods and spirits, etc. Thus, the shamans are qualified to It should be noted that the image of the Tree is very important in different cultures. It will be enough just to mention Bodhi tree and Buddha to understand how holy symbol of the Tree can be. According to the shamans beliefs we should also mentioned that Yakut people think a massive larch tree is growing up at far away north and its branches have three different heights of nest locations. The strongest shamans are born in the top nest the middle-strengths shamans are born in the mid-nest, the weakest shamans spirit are born in the lowest nests. In both cultures, it is believed that shaman could be person who inherited the ability to communicate with the spirits from ancestors and the person who was chosen by the soul of the unknown dead shaman. Shamans could be male and female. Another significant feature that coincide in the Yakut and Korean shamanism is an initiation. It takes place during the shaman disease.

목차

Abstract

Введение

Ⅰ. Историография якутского и корейского шаман изма.

Ⅱ. Определение термина шаман , шаманизм .

Ⅲ. Шаманский костбюм и атрибутика

Ⅳ. Космогоническая терминология

Заключение

Литература

키워드

religious beliefs shamanism Yakut shamanism Korean shamanism comparative analysis