韓國에 있어서의 南方文化論

• 영문명: “Southern Culture” in Korean History
• 발행기관: 백산학회
• 저자명: 金貞培(Kim Jung-bae)
• 간행물 정보: 『백산학보』第9號, 2~22쪽, 전체 21쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1970.12.01

영문 초록

We have often come across “southern culture” in works dealing with the prehistoric archaeology or ancient culture of Korea. The words were frequently mentioned especially in the symposium organized by the Korean Association of Cultural Anthropology in 1968 under the theme “The Origin of Korean Culture.” This term “southern culture” was obviously used in its broad sense in contrast with the northern culture, and designated the southern elements in ancient Korean culture, somewhat foreign to the dominant northern characteristics in it. However, th meaning of this term is quite ambiguous in the study of Korean culture. Same is the case with Japanese culture, too, for that matter. The coverage of “southern” varied with different scholars. Some preferred to include all the southeast Asia and southern Pacific areas that the Japanese armed forces occupied during the Second World War. Others were inclined to include even New Zealand and Australia, and still others confined it to south China. They were all wrong. Southeast Asia or south China is no more of southern culture than the south Pacific areas are. Therefore, when occasions arose to deal with relations to these areas, the names of places, countries, or of areas should have been clearly mentioned, instead of using this all too ambiguous term “southern”. Study of ancient Korean literature reveals the existence of some peculiar customs in Korea of former days, and archaeological remains are also found in this respect. For instance, such customs as tattooing and cranial deformation were practised in the southern part of the peninsula. These customs were found in Siberian regions, too, but were much more prevalent in southeast Aisa. Jar burial is spread all over the world, but what is noticeable about that of Korea is that it bears much similarity to that of India, and since some significance of the custom of bone-washingburial is traceable in the Korean adoption of this jar burial, it is worthwhile to study this custom in comparison with that of southeast Asia and Oceania, too. Moreover, in the case of rice cultivation, it was first introduced into Korea from south China, and so it is necessary in study of the prehistoric archaeology and ancient culture of Korea to consider the influence of southeast Asia and south China on Korea also. However, it should be rather hasty to call this a southern culture merely because it had some relationships with those areas. Since, in study of cultural history, south China and southeast Asia are dealt with in close relationship with each other, and sine Oceania had relationships with these two areas in dissemination of culture, when seen from archaeological point of view, it is worthwhile to consider Oceania and Pacific regions, too, when certain Korean subjects with relationships with south China are to be treated of. Grooved adzes are spread dense in south China, and those grooved adzes in Korea were related with them. Similar adzes are found in Oceania also, where they are rightly considered important items of archaeological remains. Yet Korean grooved adzes are more closely related with those of southeast Asia than with those of Oceania. The concept of southern culture is ambiguous, and so is the term “northern culture.

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