조현병 감별진단에 대한 머신 러닝 기법의 적용 : WAIS-IV의 진단 예측 역량

• 영문명: A Case Study of a Machine-Learning Approach in Differential Diagnosis of Schizophrenia: The Predictive Capacity of WAIS-IV
• 발행기관: 대한신경정신의학회
• 저자명: 고은해 강희양 김용식 정성훈
• 간행물 정보: 『신경정신의학』제56권 제3호, 103~110쪽, 전체 8쪽
• 주제분류: 의약학 > 정신과학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2017.08.31

영문 초록

Objectives Machine learning (ML) encompasses a body of statistical approaches that can detect complex interaction patterns from multi-dimensional data. ML is gradually being adopted in medical science, for example, in treatment response prediction and diagnostic classification. Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature of schizophrenia, but is not routinely used in differential diagnosis. In this study, we investigated the predictive capacity of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV (WAIS-IV) in differentiating schizophrenia from non-psychotic illnesses using the ML methodology. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the possibility of using ML as an aid in differential diagnosis. Methods The WAIS-IV test data for 434 psychiatric patients were curated from archived medical records. Using the final diagnoses based on DSM-IV as the target and the WAIS-IV scores as predictor variables, predictive diagnostic models were built using 1) linear 2) non-linear/non-parametric ML algorithms. The accuracy obtained was compared to that of the baseline model built without the WAIS-IV information. Results The performances of the various ML models were compared. The accuracy of the baseline model was 71.5%, but the best non-linear model showed an accuracy of 84.6%, which was significantly higher than that of non-informative random guessing (p=0.002). Overall, the models using the non-linear algorithms showed better accuracy than the linear ones. Conclusion The high performance of the developed models demonstrated the predictive capacity of the WAIS-IV and justified the application of ML in psychiatric diagnosis. However, the practical application of ML models may need refinement and larger-scale data collection.

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Machine learning Schizophrenia WAIS-IV Neuropsychological function Diagnostic support system 머신 러닝 조현병 웩슬러 지능검사 4판 신경인지기능 진단지원시스템