A New Approach to Measuring the Economic Impacts of Tourism

• 영문명: A New Approach to Measuring the Economic Impacts of Tourism
• 발행기관: 한국관광서비스학회
• 저자명: Larry Dwyer
• 간행물 정보: 『관광서비스연구』관광서비스연구 제2권 제1호, 315~332쪽, 전체 18쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 사회과학일반
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2002.06.01

영문 초록

The traditional approach to estimating the economic impacts of tourism is based on the theory that increased tourism expenditure has direct, indirect and induced effects on a host destination, leading to increased production, income and employment. This Standard View assumes strong multiplier effects from this expenditure on output, value added and employment. The usual technique for analysing these effects is Input-output analysis which is used extensively by consultants and government authorities for estimating the economic returns which will flow to a community from changes in tourism expenditure, the hosting of an event or from tourism infrastructure investments. This Standard View is superficial, and very often misleading, because it ignores economy wide effects as the tourism generated expenditure flows through the economy. An expanding tourism industry tends to crowd out other sectors of economic activity reducing the demand for traditional exports and import competing industries and impacting on demand for goods and services, labour and other resource within the economy. These crOWding out effects will depend firstly, on the extent of the price and real exchange rate adjustments which these changes set in train, and secondly on the governments policy framework which will determine the macroeconomic context in which the adjustments occur. Analysis of these complex processes generally requires the use of Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling, rather than the existing Input-output techniques. Measured in this way the economic returns to a community from additional tourism expenditures will often be found to be substantially different. The relevance of these findings go beyond their immediate interest to tourism economists. They demand the attention of tourism planners and tourism marketers as well as public policy makers. As a result of the development of more sophisticated modeling techniques in recent years, the study of the economic impacts of touri

목차

Introduction

The Standard View of Tourism's Economic Impacts

The Need for an Alternative Framework of Analysis

Impacts of tourism expenditure in real world economies

Factor Supply Constraints

Exchange Rate Appreciation

Fiscal Policy

Implications for Industrial Structure

Implications for Regions

What Remains of the Standard View?

Conclusions and Areas for Further Research

References