테러사건이 군사개입 강도에 미치는 영향요인 연구

• 영문명: Research on the comparison between Military intervention determinant factors after 9.11 and Paris attack
• 발행기관: 한국테러학회
• 저자명: 문영기(Mun, Yeong-Gi) 김태영(Kim, Tae-Young)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국테러학회보』제13권 제1호, 5~30쪽, 전체 26쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 행정학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2020.03.30

국문 초록

이 연구의 목적은 2001년 미국의 9.11테러사건과 2015년 프랑스의 파리테러사건이 군사개입의 강도에 미치는 영향요인을 테러사건의 파급효과 및 군사개입 결정요인을 통해 분석하는데 있다. 분석결과를 살펴보면 먼저 미국과 프랑스의 테러사건의 파급효과는 각각 군사개입 결정요인에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 특히 미국의 9.11 테러는 테러목표의 상징성, 심리적 충격 면에서 프랑스 파리 테러보다 상대적으로 높은 파급효과가 발생한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 테러사건의 유형적 피해규모보다 무형의 심리적 충격이 클수록 그 파급효과는 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째로 군사개입 결정요인인 국가이익, 국민의지지, 국제적지지, 군사목표의 실현 가능성은 군사개입의 강도에 큰 영향을 미쳤고, 미국과 프랑스의 정치지도자들은 군사개입 정책을 결정하는데 이를 적극 활용한 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 미국은 국가이익과 군사작전의 실현가능성에 국내외적 동의를 바탕으로 최고 수준의 군사개입을 실현한 반면, 프랑스는 낮은 국민의 지지도, 군사작전의 실현가능성의 한계로 인해 제한적인 군사개입만을 실행하였다. 결국 미국과 프랑스 모두 지상군 투입을 강력히 제시하였음에도 불구하고 군사개입의 수준이 달랐던 까닭은 군사개입의 결정요인의 조건에서 차이가 발생했기 때문인 것으로 분석되었다.

영문 초록

The purpose of this study is to analyze how terrorist attack aftermath has affected the decision on military intervention and the degree of their military engagement. In terms of its symbolic aspect, the raid efficacy, and the amount of damage, the 9.11 attack has given us a huge impact and shock. It was almost portrayed as ‘the second Pearl Harbor attack.’ When we look at the physical damage aspect, the World Trade Center in New York City, the most iconic city of the western civilization, has fallen down, and the Pentagon in Washington DC, the symbol of American political diplomacy, has been severely destroyed. However, on the other hand, it was the intangible, non-visible damage that has caused a more significant impact. Therefore, many political leaders have been trying to increase the degree of the military intervention by utilizing the “Rally ‘round the flag effect.” ‘National interest’ which is included in the national pride and the national security issues is an important determinant factor in the military intervention decision-making process. Also, members of a population perceive that national interest in terms of foreign security policy is the essential condition and the most important factor to consider. On the other hand, in terms of other factors such as ‘public support,’ ‘success rate of the military mission,’ or ‘international support’, the aftermath of 9.11 and Paris attack was impacted the decision making process in various degrees. Due to the importance of national interest, the US has decided to project military forces and commenced enormous military intervention in only 27 days after the attack. Compared to 9.11, in terms of symbolic and its physical damage aspect, the terrorist attack in Paris was not as significant. However, the fact that it was the worst violence in the country since World War II and the fact that France, one of the world’s leading country, was not able to handle terrorism properly has shocked themselves. This allowed them to learn from America. France also understood that national security is a vital national interest so they have pursued a high degree of military intervention, even though the result was military attack to a limited extent and medium-sized military intervention. To sum up, the larger the psychological impact of the terrorist attack, not tangible damage, the larger the aftermath. If the attack has caused an enormous impact on the vital national interest, there will be a higher chance of increased degree of military intervention such as coercion. We all need to think about the degree of military intervention in order to protect our vital national interest. The vital national interest mentioned here is regarding the 4 basic national interests related to intra/international security policy, which are the protection of our territory, security in the international stage, protection of liberal democracy and so on.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 이론적 배경

Ⅲ. 테러사건이 군사개입 강도에 미치는 영향요인 비교분석

Ⅳ. 결론

키워드

9.11테러 파리테러 테러사건의 파급효과 군사개입 결정요인 및 강도 9.11 attack Paris attack terrorist attack aftermath determinant factor in military intervention vital national interest national security