프랑스혁명과 인권

• 영문명: “French Revolution and Human Rights: Reappraising The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen in the Age of Globalization”
• 발행기관: 한국세계문화사학회
• 저자명: 육영수(Young-Soo Yook)
• 간행물 정보: 『세계역사와 문화연구』제25집, 59~88쪽, 전체 30쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2011.12.30

영문 초록

The paper intends to understand and re-evaluate the origins, transformations, and historical legacies of modem human rights by analysing and re-interpreting three different versions of The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen, which had been proclaimed in 1789, 1795, and 1799 respectively. Each Declarations of Rights reflected and represented how and to what extents revolutionary upheaval proceeded rapidly and radically from bourgeois to socialist-republic and then to reactionary stage. The delicate and significant differences of 1789/1793/1795 Declaration in their emphasis, rhetorics, and vocabularies illustrated what had been most urgent and controversial issues of the day, as revolutionary chariot galloped from the Constitutional Monarch to the Reign of Terror and stopped at the Directory Government. On the second half of the paper, the author critically examines how French Revolution’s solemn mottoes such as Freedom, Equality, and Fraternity partially failed to apply to French colony in the Caribbean. When revolutionary turmoils developed in Saint-Domingue in September 1789, French government, instead of eliminating the slavery system, exploited the conflicts among the White planters, the mulattoes, and the Black slaves for the purpose of keeping colonial mercantilism intact. Thus, National Convention’s abolition of slavery system in 1794 was not a result of pure humanitarianism but an inevitable by-product of French colonizers who desperately needed miliary support of the colonized to win its war against British-Spanish troops in the Caribbean. Ironically speaking, the success of Haiti Revolution in 1804 and the first establishment of the ‘black republic’ in the world demonstrated the very limit and fragility of The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen which felt short of bridging the gap between universalism and nationalism/imperial moralism/cultural relativism.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말: 인권의 (재)발견 혹은 근대적 발명

Ⅱ. 다시 고쳐 쓴 인권선언문, 1789/1793/1795년

Ⅲ. ‘흰 제국’과 ‘검은 인권’, 1789~1804

Ⅳ. 맺음말: 프랑스혁명[인권선언]은 없다?, 1789/1948

참고문헌

키워드

French Revolution 프랑스혁명 The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 인간과 시민의 권리선언 Haiti Revolution 아이티혁명 Maximilian Robespierre 로베스피에르 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 세계인권선언문