競爭에 관한 東西 思想 比較 硏究

• 영문명: A Comparative Study of Thoughts on Competition in East and West
• 발행기관: 건국대학교 경제경영연구소
• 저자명: 이필우(Pil Woo Rhee)
• 간행물 정보: 『상경연구』제23권 제1호, 27~68쪽, 전체 42쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경제학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1998.06.30

영문 초록

In currently globalizing world, competition seems to be unmovable strong economic norm for all members of globalizing societies especially in regard to international trade. In this context, however, what suprises us, is the fact that competition is generally conceived to be objective function instead of means for economic behavior of human-being. So its conceptional meaning is inverted; means are reversed into objective. As the “Group of Lisbon” recently pointed out, competitiveness nowadays used to be postulated as a national goal in almost every country in the world. Even in the Korean case of IMF crisis, mostly one believes that it happened owing to the lack of competitiveness of Korean enterprises. Of course, one ought to consent in this regard, bur partially. It should be noted, however, that the main point of this paper is to argue that competition, as such, would be understood as a negative variant for achieving societal prosperity and welfare in harmony and peace. As conventional economic thought asserts, competition used to result in effciency, which would promise the increase in ecomic and social welfare. Nonetherless, it is true that competition in practice has actually brought about a lot of negative aspects in social welfare especially with the strategic choice begavior, which is oriented to win in competition. They are, for example, excess competition, social dumping price, decrease in wage level, increase in unemployment, environmental destructiom, input of disqualified material, tax evasion, speculation, corruption, government regulations, irrational subsidies, etc.. These could be understood as all those features of market failures. Moreover, there would be a alineated group generated who were defeated in the game of competition by those participants who occupies more strong competitiveness. We come to find several differences and similiarities with regard to competition in this study in East and West. First, most of philosophers and economists in West agree that competition has to be recognized not only as the spontaneous order but also social norm or objective function of economic behavior. In East, the Confucian thought is also in favor of an given order of society with competition, however, severely insists that it should not be taken as societal norm for human behavior. They argue that competitition is not a objective function for human behavior but understood as a given societal phenomena that is brought in passive and natural way through social interaction. The social interaction as such is normally based on an effort with sincerity, honesty and faithfulness. This kind of view seems to be shared by especially some Western scholars like W. Sombart and J. Schumpeter. Second, with regard to efficiency, competition is regarded as a positive contributor, asserted by F. Hayek and W. Eucken in West. Whereas Confucian thought postulates in this respect rather neutral. Its view tends to condemn the negative aspecs of competitive behavior such as the distorting effect of competition to social harmony. Third, as to inequality and alineated consciousness, according to Confucian view, competition tends to work to contribute to them. Whereas A. Smith and F. Hayek deny this kind of view. They are inclined to assert that competion rather strmulate the motive to do better tommorow than now. Both Schools, Confucian as well as classical western philosopht and economics, tend to hold that innovation is viewed as an ultimate moving factor for economic development. They show similiar view in this point. But competition is not a positive factor contributing to development, argued strongly by Confucianism.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 경쟁의 사회경제적 의미

3. 경쟁에 관한 西歐思想의 특성

4. 競爭에 관한 儒家와 墨家의 思想

5. 競爭에 관한 東西思想의 거리 ; 競爭 대 調和

7. 結言

참고문헌

Abstract