미국과 싱가포르의 사업신탁법제에 대한 개관 및 우리나라에의 시사점

• 발행기관: 한국사법학회(구 한국비교사법학회)
• 저자명: 유혜인
• 간행물 정보: 『비교사법』比較私法 제22권 제3호, 1355~1400쪽, 전체 46쪽
• 주제분류: 법학 > 법학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2015.09.30

국문 초록

신탁제도의 발상지인 미국에서는 신탁의 기업조직적 특성에 주목하여 자본 집약과 사업의운영을 목적으로 하는 사업신탁이라는 독자적인 제도를 발전시켜 왔으며, 세계적인 경제 중심지인 싱가포르에서도 기업조직 시장의 다양화를 도모하기 위해 사업신탁을 적극 활용해 오고있다. 그리고 양국은 사업신탁에 관한 법률관계를 명확히 하고자 일반적인 신탁을 규율하는 법률과는 구별되는 독자적인 사업신탁법을 제정하였으며, 특히 사업신탁에 대해 법인격을 부여하거나 수익자의 유한책임 및 조직격리를 명시하는 방향의 입법을 함으로써 사업신탁의 기업조직적 특성을 충실히 반영하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 양국의 사업신탁법제를 개관하고이와 같은 비교법적 고찰이 최근 사업신탁제도를 도입한 우리나라에 주는 시사점에 관하여 검토하기로 한다.

영문 초록

Traditionally in Korea, trusts are simply regarded as financial vehicles and only utilized in very limited areas. On the other hand, in the birthplace of trust system,the Anglo-American legal world, due to the flexibility in design, trusts, especially business trusts, have been recognized as alternative business organizational forms to the traditional ones, like corporations and partnerships, and used in various areas for over a hundred years. Furthermore, Singapore, which is currently ranked as one of the world’s top leading financial centers, now not only permits business trust as a business form in the legal context, but also actively promotes and opens its stock exchanges up for business trust listings. Specifically reviewing on the business trust systems of the two countries, first of all, in the United States, business trusts were historically governed under traditional common law principles in spite of their originality and long existence. But this legislative policy had induced lots of uncertainty over the legal status of the business trusts and brought about their declination as a mode of business organization over the course of the twentieth century. To address this legal issue and remove disadvantages associated with it, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws approved the Uniform Statutory Trust Entity Act(“USTEA”) in 2009. Under USTEA, a business trust is called as a“statutory trust” because it is formed by the filing of a certificate of trust. A statutory trust is a juridical entity, separate from its trustees and beneficial owners,which has capacity to sue and be sued, own property, and transact in its own name. Second, as for another advanced legislation of business trusts, Singapore was the first Asian country to introduce the concept of business trusts with the passage of the Business Trusts Act(“BTA”) in 2004. The motivation to enact the BTA was to provide numerous ways to start new businesses in the country. Although the definition of business trusts in BTA is similar to that of common-law trusts in the U. S. legal context, the most distinctive advantage of business trusts in Singapore is that unitholders are protected while enjoying limited liability and the BTA clearly prohibits creditors of unitholders of the registered business trusts in question from seizing the business trusts’ property. Besides, distributions can be made out of any operating cash-flows, which provides more flexibility than corporations. To reflect the result of the review, in order to boost the newly introduced business trust system in Korea, the independent act need to be made and, most importantly, the act itself should include the clauses of either the juridical entity or the limited liability of unitholders, which are the key elements of business organization.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 미국의 사업신탁법제

Ⅲ. 싱가포르의 사업신탁법제

Ⅳ. 결론

키워드

기업조직 사업신탁 상사신탁 신탁법 싱가포르 사업신탁법 통일제정법상신탁법 Business Organization Business Trust Commercial Trust Trust Law Singapore Business Trusts Act Uniform Statutory Trust Entity Act