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학술논문

戰時體制期 日本 本土 朝鮮人勞務者의 '轉換配置'

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영문명
The Disposition Change of Korean Laborers in Japan during the Wartime System Period - Based on the Lists of Mine Laborers -
발행기관
한일민족문제학회
저자명
鄭惠瓊(Chung, Hye-Kyeong)
간행물 정보
『韓日民族問題硏究』제17집, 85~137쪽, 전체 53쪽
주제분류
인문학 > 역사학
파일형태
PDF
발행일자
2009.12.30
9,160

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1:1 문의
논문 표지

국문 초록

戦時体制期労務者に対する転換配置は国家権力が必要及び便意にしたがって作業場の人力配置を強制に転換する行為として人的動員の強制性を立証するまたひとつの事例である. 1931年「満州事変」以降1937年「日中戦争」を通してアジアから始まった日本の侵略戦争は日本当局と民衆の期待に反して, 戦場が拡大し, 長期戦に入った. これに対して日本当局は戦勢の変化につれて動員された労務者を他の作業場に転換配置した. このように転換配置は日本当局の政策によって行われたからその軌跡を公的な記録から確認できる.この文章を通じて把握した鉱山の転換配置事例は1943年3月に北海道所在鉱山から北海道管内鉱山及び炭鉱や栃木, 秋田, 愛媛, 奈良県に, 静岡県所在鉱山から茨城, 山形県に, 兵庫県所在鉱山から茨城県に, 栃木県から茨城県に転勤された事例である. 日本鉱業株式会社所属鉱山から転換配置された朝鮮人は311名(この中の2人は金鉱山整備令と無関)で, 北海道所在このまい鉱山から転換配置された朝鮮人は1,169名(奔別炭鉱 114名, 金屋淵鉱山 50名, 別子鉱山 244名, 足尾鉱山 371名, 花岡鉱山 390名)である.朝鮮人労務者転換配置事例の特徴は共通的に同一な職種の作業場に転換配置されたこと, 大抵の転勤作業場が同一系列会社所属だということである. また時期的には1件を除いたら, 転勤は全部1943年に集中されているが, これは金鉱山休廃山措置(1943.3)を始めとして人力移動配置に関する各種の規定と指示が下ろされた時期と関連がある.このまい工業所と同じように金鉱山休廃山措置で廃鉱された鉱山では契約期間が切迫した労務者や疾病送還者など, 挙動不能者を除いた残余労務者全員が転勤されていて, 以降も稼働し続けた作業場では一部の人員のみ転勤された.一部の人員は入所経路が割当募集に当たる労務者たちが中心になっていた.筆者は国内所蔵名簿記録を基にして関連資料の分析方法で転換配置の実態を調べてみた. この文章で活用した名簿記録は総9種である. 転勤者個人に対する名簿が3~4種に達し, 転勤過程はもちろん, 転勤者に対する手当支給過程まで記録されたことから, 当局と企業の転勤者に対する管理が体系的に行われたことが分かる. このようなことは転換配置が持っている公的な意味と強制性を立証する根拠である.

영문 초록

In the wartime system period(1937~1945), the Korean laborers was forced to change their workplaces according to the need and convenience of Japanese imperialism. So called 'the disposition changes of laborers' is what verifies the enforced nature of Korean mobilization. As the China-Japan war, which began in 1937, unexpectedly got stuck in a deadlock, the authorities adopted the policy of the rearrangement of laborers. We can find the official documents about the process of the disposition changes. In this paper, I examined the examples about the disposition changes, from the mines of Hokkaido to those of Dochigi, Akita, Ehime and Nara, from mines of Sizuoka to those of Ibaragi and Yamagata, from mines of Hyogo to Ibaragi and from Tochigi to Ibaragi. The 311 Korean laborers, who belonged to the Japan Mining Corporation and the 1,169 laborers of Konomai mine were disposited to other workplaces. About the characteristics of the disposition changes, we can say that the most of the new workplaces was subsidiary companies concerned. As for the time of the disposition changes, most of them took place in 1943 except one example, because several measures such as the Regulation of Closing Mines in 1943 were released at that time. In Konomai mine, which closed by the Regulation of Closing Mines, all the laborers were forced to change workplaces while some laborers with diseases and those who had due dates continued to stay. If the working of the mines continued, very small part of laborers were sent to other places and they were mostly the laborers who had originally been recruited by the alloted numbers of personnel policy. I analysed nine documents of laborer lists and reviewed the reality of the disposition changes. In four documents of them, there were records about the individual laborers, including the process of disposition changes and the payments. That shows that the authorities and companies systematically cooperated on the management of laborers and that the disposition changes was forcibly carried out by the authoritative power.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 總動員 戰爭 勝利를 위한 '配置轉換의 强制'
Ⅲ. 名簿記錄을 통해 본 朝鮮人 勞務者 '轉換配置'
Ⅳ. 맺음말

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APA

鄭惠瓊(Chung, Hye-Kyeong). (2009).戰時體制期 日本 本土 朝鮮人勞務者의 '轉換配置'. 韓日民族問題硏究, 17 , 85-137

MLA

鄭惠瓊(Chung, Hye-Kyeong). "戰時體制期 日本 本土 朝鮮人勞務者의 '轉換配置'." 韓日民族問題硏究, 17.(2009): 85-137

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