이라크 부족주의 연구 - 사담 시대 정치 엘리트와 신부족주의 관계를 중심으로

• 영문명: A Study on Iraq Tribalism - On the Relations between Political Elite and Neo-Tribalism in Saddam Era -
• 발행기관: 한국중동학회
• 저자명: 정상률(Jung Sang-Ryul)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국중동학회논총』제27권 제1호, 129~155쪽, 전체 27쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 지역학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2006.08.01

영문 초록

  Tribes and tribalism of Middle East are becoming new research area and issue area because of role enlargement of major tribes in the Middle Eastern States. Tribe and tribalism in the Middle East has been an historical entity and core of political, economic, and cultural action norm for a long time. But the role of tribe and tribalism was being declining in the process of nation-state building. As soon as it came to power in July 1968, the Bath Party announced in its Communique No.1 its rejection of "tribalism." "We are against religious sectarianism, racism, and tribalism." In later years, too, in official party ideology tribal shaikhs and tribalism have been regarded as the epitome of backwardness and social reaction. This policy to the tribalism has been continued in Saddam era since 1987. But anti-tribalism policy was changed in the late 1980s or in the early 1990s. The reason was that because Saddam"s regime faced in crisis of legitimacy not only in Arab society but also from outside world. Especially there was shii Intifada, anti-Saddam regime movement in the south Iraq in 1991. Saddam"s tribalism policy was centered on his tribe, the Albu Nasir tribe and some major tribes, the Dulaym tribal confederation, the Shammar tribal confederation, the al-Juburi tribal confederation, the Ubaydis tribal confederation, the Azza tribal confederation, the Takrit tribal confederation. Albu Nasir tribe is composed of core of power and other major tribes the first one of several circles of power.
  What is the meaning of study of tribalism? First, we have to consider tribe as the political actor in the Middle East, especially in Iraq because tribe is the entity in political process of Iraq. Second, We can ask following; what"s the status of tribe in state-society relations in Iraq? Is the tribe a part of state or a part of society in historical changing era? In Saddam era after 1990, there is the trend of statization of tribe or tribalization of state in Iraq. Third, there is dispute about "the character of state" of Iraq. Is the state of Iraq tribal state, or capitalist state(or state in capitalist society), or bureaucratic authoritative state, or Islamic state, rentier state? These dispute is very important issue in social science, especially political science. Fourth, we have to consider about the trend of political, social, economic change after 2003 Iraq war as social scientist. The study of every social scientist of Middle East, therefore, will be centered on the tribe or tribalism.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 부족주의 연구 필요성과 연구대상
Ⅲ. 이라크 부족의 기원 및 국가건설 과정에서의 부족 역할
Ⅳ. 이라크에서 부족주의가 부상한 배경
Ⅴ. 신 부족주의의 가치와 부족의 국가화
Ⅵ. 결론: 신부족주의 연구의 정치적 함의
참고문헌

키워드

부족 부족주의 신부족주의 알부 나시르 부족 권력엘리트 정치엘리트 부족정체성 아싸비야 까우미야 아라비아. 와따니야 움마 바아스당 함스 바이트 파흐드 까빌라 tribe tribalism neo-tribalism tribal confederation Albu Nasir Dulaym Shammar al-Juburi Ubaydis Azza Takrit shaikhs tribal state capitalist state bureaucratic authoritative stat Islamic state rentier state asabiyya qawmiyyah arabiyah wataniyya ummah khams bait Fahd or fakhdh qabila