영국인의 정체성과 의사 표현 방식

• 영문명: English Identity and Ways of Its Expression
• 발행기관: 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소
• 저자명: 박우룡(Park Wooryong)
• 간행물 정보: 『영미연구』제9집, 211~254쪽, 전체 44쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 지역학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2003.12.01

영문 초록

  Because English culture dominates the cultures of the other three nations of British Isles, every habits, attitudes and values among the peoples are very similar. However, they are not identical, and what is often regarded as typically British may in fact be only typically English. Non-English members of the United Kingdom are very sensitive to the lordly English habit of subsuming British under English. The most English people have the difficulty in distinguishing themselves, in a collective sense, from the other inhabitants of the British Isles. They are of course perfectly well aware that there are Welsh, Scots, Irish. But the general rule is to see all the major events and achievements of national life as English. Other ethnic groups are brought on in minor or supporting roles.
  England before the late nineteenth century could not know nationalism as a nation state formed by the nation. The English nation, the political nation was a class concept, and remained so for at least a century after the French Revolution. There were moments of patriotic fervor at the time of the Spanish Armada, and several other occasions during Elizabeth’s reign. There were claims for equality during the English Civil War, though in any case couched mostly in religious terms. There was a popular mobilization against the French during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. But none of these amounts to an instance of nationalism proper, and certainly generated nothing like a persisting national consciousness.
  For much of the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth century, the inhabitants of the newly formed Great Britain saw themselves primarily as Britons and their country as Britain. This then was a national identity of a kind. But it was not a ‘nationalist’ identity, an identity framed in terms of common membership of an ethnic community. Its attachment was primarily institutional-to Church, to Parliament, and, above all, to the Crown.
  English national consciousness developed at some point towards the end of the nineteenth century. Probably the most important reason for the rise of Englishness was ideological. The nineteenth century was the age of nationalism, and the latter part of the century saw the new doctrine developed to its most intensive point. Nationalism at this time had come to be predominantly of the cultural kind. As opposed to the older kind, emphasizing common citizenship, cultural nationalism emphasized common ethnicity. The hallmarks of this ethnicity were held to be language, religion, history, and blood or race.
  English intellectuals responded energetically to this need. In language and literary studies, in historiography, fiction, and folklore, there arose what can best be described as a cultural movement to define and celebrate Englishness. The moment of Englishness defines, in many ways, the essence of Englishness as this has come to be conceived in the high culture of the nation. Many of the later accounts of ‘the English character’ or ‘the English tradition’ drew heavily on it.
  But the Englishness of the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries was mostly a cultural definition. It was an affair of poets, novelists, literary critics, philologists, folklorists, and historians. At the level of national politics it was played down. English national identity largely consists of individualism, conservatism, class consciousness, public spiritedness and amateurism, and the love of nature. Contemporary English culture tends to reflect these five crucial factors of English identity and, especially, linguistic expressions of English people also largely approve influence of the identity.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 영국적 정체성의 형성
Ⅲ. 영국적 정체성의 문화적 표현
Ⅳ. 영국적 정체성의 언어적 표현
Ⅴ. 맺음말
인용문헌
Abstract

키워드

Englishness Britishness Culture Language Humour 잉글랜드의 정체성 영국적 정체성 문화 언어 유머