美國 新保守主義의 理念과 戰略

• 영문명: Neoconservative Ideas and Strategies in the United States
• 발행기관: 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회)
• 저자명: 김성한(Kim Sung-han)
• 간행물 정보: 『신아세아』신아세아 제10권 제3호, 31~48쪽, 전체 18쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 사회과학일반
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2003.09.01

영문 초록

President Bush's June 1, 2002, address at West Point received considerable attention the world over. Marking a dramatic break with the previous doctrines that had governed more than half a century of U.S. foreign and military policy, he declared that U.S. security required "all Americans ... to be ready for preemptive action when necessary to defend our liberty and to defend our lives ... Deterrence-the promise of massive retaliation against nationsmeans nothing against shadowy terrorist networks with no nation or citizens to defend... Containment is not possible when unbalanced dictators with weapons of mass destruction can deliver those weapons on missiles or secretly provide them to terrorist allies." In line with this new doctrine, the September 2002 National Security Strategy outlined the need for the United States to launch preemptive military strikes against groups or countries that pose a threat to America and its allies. The national security strategy report was a virtual replica of the ideas and strategies of the socalled "neoconservatives" in and out of the Bush administration. U.S. neoconservatism is driven by such diverse ideological foundations as a sense of moral superiority that American values should be retained and propagated throughout the world, a Hobbesian worldview that stresses the inevitability of war for a civilized world, and active interventionism for the spread of democracy and the market economy. It has had a profound impact on U.S. foreign policy changes since the September 11 terrorist attacks. The ultimate goal of neoconservative security strategies is "Pax Americana," and neocons endorse the strategies of hegemonic stability, counterproliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), the preservation of nuclear strategic superiority, and the expansion of "the democratic peace zone." As a means of executing these strategies, Washington seeks to mobilize a) the reinforcement of military power and the acceleration of revolution in military affairs (RMA); b) preemptive strike and the establishment of the missile defense (MD) system; and c) regime change. President Bush is searching for a "balance" between the traditional conservative camp led by Secretary of State Colin Powell and the neoconservative camp represented by Vice President Dick Cheney. There are voices at home criticizing the neocons' growing power as one that "is quickly heading for militarism and will fuel anti-U.S. sentiments around the world, thereby aggravating the U.S. economy." But, the September 11 terrorist attacks have served to build a public consensus that America must deal a tough blow to terrorist attacks. What is more, while critics merely point out possible abuses of neoconservative strategies and their means of achieving them (e.g., "the preemptive strike doctrine"), they do not vociferously refute the necessity of neoconservatism. In this light, neoconservative tendencies are not likely to be a fleeting phenomenon.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 미국의 신보수주의의 역사적 배경

3. 신보수주의 이념체계와 네트워크

4. 신보수주의 전략

5. 신보수주의의 미래

참고문헌

부록

영문초록