Тэнгрианство в духовной культуре тюрко-монгольских народов Внутренней Азии и Саяно-Алтая

• 영문명: Tengrian religion in the spiritual culture of the Turko-Mongolian peoples of Inner Asia and the Sayan-Altai region
• 발행기관: 충북대학교 러시아 알타이지역 연구소
• 저자명: Н.В. Абаев(N.V. Abaev)
• 간행물 정보: 『러시아학』러시아학 제13호, 195~218쪽, 전체 24쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 기타인문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2016.06.30

영문 초록

From the ancient times till the 17-th century the dominant religion of all the nomads of Eurasia and Siberia was the Tengrian religion, mixed with so called “shamanism” which actually was the mixture of different cults and beliefs of very old, even archaic origin, and nowadays it not only survived but is restoring itself. As an efficient means of social self-organization and self-regulation, in a way a cosmic “sacred vertical”, performing universal synergetic functions in the nomadic societies of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples of Inner and Central Asia and Siberian Trans-Sayania Altai-Baikalic regions, the Tengrian religion as well as a closely-related religion of the so-called “Arians”, the first Indo-European nomads (named Zoroastrism) have from the very beginning and evolution of nomadic civilizations performed the functions of National and State religion, possessing its own religious and philosophical teaching, concerned with the metaphysical foundations of being. It is Tengrian Religion, underpinned by the idea of the organizing power of the “Eternally Blue Heaven”, non-entropic by character, have determined the aspiration for the universal cosmic order, which found its expression in the sphere of social organization as the idea of the world empire, ruled by “the Son of Heaven”. This religious and philosophical conception was embodied in the name of the common Supreme Deity of the ancient Scythian-Arians, Iranians, Sogdians and “Turanic peoples”, including the Buryat-Mongols – Khormust-Tengri, one of the protagonists of the epic “Geser”, which incorporated mythopoetic and religious-cosmological traditions of the Turkic-Mongolian and Iranian-speaking ethnic groups as well as Tibetans, Tanguts and other peoples of Central and Inner Asia. The philosophy of the National Religion of Turkic-Mongolian peoplеs was elaborated on the basis of the worship of Tengri, a fundamental concept of the ancient Tengrian folk religion of all the Mongolian and Turkic nomadic peoples of Inner and Central Asia. According to this religion Tengri is something like God, representing alone the supreme masculine power in the universe, ruling all natural and social phenomena on Earth. And in relation to Tengri Heavenly God, the Earth represents a subordinate feminine force called Etugen. The Mongolian saying, even today, calls on «etseg min Tenggeri (my Father Heaven) and eke min gajar, (my Mother Earth)». Initially, Tenggerism developed elementary concepts, such as those of the divine origin of khanship, the dualistic nature of the khans power, his harisma and other related points. While the theory of divin origin of khanships was well known among nomadic peoples, it was the Mongols who not only kept the oldest version without interruption but also considerably developed it on the basis of their own perceptions and the achievements of more advanced civilizations. In Turkic mythology Tengri is a pure, white goose that flies constantly over an endless expanse of water, which represents time. Beneath this water, Akh Ana ( White Mother ) calls out to him saying Create . To overcome his loneliness, Tengri creates Er Kishi, who is not as pure or as white as Tengri and together they set up the world. Er Kishi becomes a demonic character and strives to mislead people and draw them into its darkness. Tengri assumes the name Tengri Ülgen and withdraws into Heaven from which he tries to provide people with guidance through sacred animals that he sends among them. The Ak Tengris occupy the fifth level of Heaven. Tengrian priests who want to reach Tengri Ülgen never get further than this level, where they convey their wishes to the divine guides. Returns to earth or to the human level take place in a goose-shaped vessel. According to Mahmud Kashgari, Tengri was known to make plants grow and the lightning flash. Turks used the adjective tengri which means heavenly, divine , to label everything that seemed gran

목차

1. Введение

2. Основная часть

3. Выводы

키워드

Тэнгрианство(Tengrian religion) Внутренняя Азия(Inner Asia) СаяноАлтай(Sayan-Altai region) тюрко-монгольские народы(Turko-Mongolian peoples) культы Неба и Земли(cults of Heaven and Earth) Священные Горы(Sacred Mountains) скифо-арии(Scythian-Arians)