晚唐士族女婚姻生活的個案研究

• 영문명: Marriage Life of A Noble Lady in Late Tang Dynasty -Case Study of the Fang-yang Lu Lady's Epigraph-
• 발행기관: 경북대학교 아시아연구소
• 저자명: 胡娜(HU Na)
• 간행물 정보: 『아시아연구』제19호, 45~66쪽, 전체 21쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 역사학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2014.07.31

국문 초록

현재 당대 묘지를 활용하여 당대 여성을 연구한 성과가 상당히 많이 있다. 그러나 대다수는 당대 여성과 사회문화 및 습속에 대한 연구로 여성주의 시각에서 당대 여성의 개체 생활 경험을 미시적으로 관찰한 사례 연구는 부족한 상황이다. 본문은 이에 기초하여 섬서 사범대학 박물관에 소장되어 있는 만당 사대부 李毗妻 盧氏 墓誌 拓片을 활용하고 李毗 墓誌와 상관된 내용을 결합하여 范陽 盧氏 여자의 혼인 생활에 대한 개별적인 사례 연구를 통해 만당 산동지역 士族 여성의 짧은 혼인 생활에서 부딪힌 경험을 분석하고자 한다. 먼저 盧李 두사람의 혼인은 중후기 당나라 때 혼인이 門第科第가 중시되었음을 볼 수 있다. 특히 李毗의 進士出身은 門第, 家境과 년령상의 부족을 보완한 것으로 盧氏가 비록 17歲이었지만 여전히 혼인을 허락받을 수 있었다. 다음으로 盧氏 婚事는 우역곡절이 있었는데, 盧氏가 22세때 李毗와 정혼할 수 있었지만 미혼부 李毗의 임직 조정과 父喪으로 혼사가 연기되었다. 26세때 盧氏는 비록 아버지가 돌아가셨지만 아버지의 유언으로 "因情廢禮"함으로 부상을 지키지 않고 늦은 나이에 출가할 수 있었다. 이외에 盧와 李의 老夫少妻의 혼인에서 나이 많은 李毗는 노씨를 취하기 전에 姬妾과의 사이에 아들을 하나 두었고, 노씨는 혼인 후 3년반 동안 두 아들을 낳은 후 불행히 30세에 병환으로 사망하였다. 노씨의 혼인 사례 연구는 몇가지 대표성이 있다. 만당 시기 사족녀 혼인중의 생존 상태를 집중적으로 반영하고 굴절시켜주고 있다. 만당시기 점차 몰락하는 고문사족의 "作嬪君子, 以援吾宗"라는 혼인 목적하에 여성의 혼인 의사가 별로 관심을 끌지 못했고 어떤 때는 가정 변고 등의 요소에 영향을 받아 혼인이 지연되거나 늦게 시집을 가기도 하였다. 老夫少妻의 혼인 관계 중 남성은 과거 급제나 사회적 지위로 나이나 모습의 부족을 보완할 수 있지만 여성은 단지 부모의 명령하에 피동적으로 老夫少妻의 婚姻을 받아들일 수 밖에 없었다. 나이든 남편은 종종 첩을 취한 후 처를 맞이하여 혼전에 姬妾과의 사이에 자녀를 생육하기도 하였는데, 이는 자주 처첩에게 嫡嗣不立의 婚姻곤경과 불안을 초래하였다.

영문 초록

Many scholars in China have already made good use of the epitaphs in the researches on history of women in the Tang Dynasty. However, most of the researches focus mainly on women and social culture in Tang Dynasty. Scholars pay less attention to women themselves experience of individual in Tang Dynasty. There exists a lack of a case study on Tang Dynasty woman .This paper takes the late Tang Dynasty Fang-yang Lu Lady's epigraph rubbing collected in Shaanxi Normal University Museum as key point. With a combination of the message of her husband Li Pi's epigraph, this paper takes Fang-yang Lu lady's marriage life with Li Pi as a case study, aiming to analyze Fang-yang Lu lady's experience of individual in her marriage life. According to Fang-yang Lu lady's epigraph, she was from Fang-yang Lu shi family which was very famous family in Tang Dynasty. Meanwhile, according to Li Pi's epigraph, Li Pi depicted himself from Long-xi Li shi family which was another famous family in Tang Dynasty. As for their marriage, it reflected that the marriage in gentry's class was based on the family social status and also the imperial examination system exerted an important influence on the society of Tang Dynasty. That is, marriage focus on family social status as well as to what a young man had achieved in the imperial examination. In Fang-yang Lu lady's marriage, while Li Pi was 17 years older than her. The fact that Li Pi got the official career by imperial examination and his official career was very smooth gave Li Pi a big advantage for the marriage with Fang-yang Lu lady. Fang-yang Lu lady's marriage was not smooth. She should have married to Li Pi at the age of 22. Unfortunately, her wedding was delayed because of her husband's promotion and the death of his husband father. Li Pi had to be in mourning for three years for his father according to the funeral etiquette. When Fang-yang Lu lady was 26 years old, her father died. Thanks to Fang-yang Lu lady's father last wishes, Fang-yang Lu lady needn't to be in mourning for three years for her father according to the funeral etiquette, so her weeding was not delayed again. Finally, Fang-yang Lu lady married to Li Pi at her 26 years old which was considered an older age above the average age for marriage at that time. But the fact that can not be ignored was that her husband Li Pi was 17 years older than her. In this marriage of "an old man with a young wife", Fang-yang Lu lady was also faced with the fact that Li Pi took concubine and had a son before their wedding. Even more unfortunately, Fang-yang Lu lady died at the young age of 30. In the less than four years of marriage life with Li Pi, Fang-yang Lu lady gave birth to two children. Fang-yang Lu Lady's case reflected the marriage of the noble ladies in Late Tang Dynasty. Under the concept of marriage of dying gentry in late Tang Dynasty, the noble ladies' will was ignored. Sometimes, in order to get the help from another family, their family married them to the man who may be more than ten years older than them but had smooth official career. Affected by some factors, noble ladies got married above the average age for marriage at that time. In the marriage of "an old man with a young wife", faced with the fact that husband may take concubine and have children before marriage, they worried that they had no son but the concubine had already a son. On the contrary, man could have normal sexual experiences and rich feelings before marriage, and then could have a young wife. Man offset their older age by their smooth official career, but women couldn't. Men were the beneficiaries of the marriage of "an old man with a young wife". 目前學術界運用唐代墓誌研究唐代女性的成果頗多，但大多側重對唐代女性與社會文化及習俗的研究，缺少從女性主義角度對唐代女性個體生活經驗的微觀關注和個案研究，本文正是基於此，嘗試以陜西師範大學博物館藏晚唐士大夫李毗妻盧氏墓誌拓片為切入點，幷結合李毗墓誌的相關內容，對范陽盧氏女的婚姻生

목차

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引言

一，盧氏墓誌錄文及透露的信息

二，李毗和盧氏的出身及婚姻達成

三，盧氏晩嫁及原因

四，盧李二人老夫小妻的婚姻模式

五，先妾後妻的婚姻現實

六，從女性角度對盧氏婚姻遭遇的回顧

키워드

Late Tang Dynasty the noble ladies Fang-yang Lu Lady's epigraph marriage between the Fang-yang Lu and Long-xi Li get married above the average age for marriage marriage of "an old man with a young wife" take concubine before marriage marriage life 晚 唐 士族女性 范陽盧氏墓誌 盧李聯姻 大齡晚 嫁 老夫少妻 先妾後妻 婚姻生活