바츨라프 하벨 극작품에 나타나는 지식인 상(像)

• 영문명: The Role and Meaning of the Intellectual in Václav Havel's Drama
• 발행기관: 한국외국어대학교 동유럽발칸연구소
• 저자명: 송순섭(Soon-Seop Song)
• 간행물 정보: 『동유럽발칸연구』동유럽연구 제9권, 19~30쪽, 전체 12쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 정치외교학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2001.02.28

영문 초록

Václav Havel may be better known as an intellectual or the president of the Czech Republic than as a playwright. A reason is that he has not written plays after his latest piece Asanace(1987). As far as Havel's drama is concerned, it is significant that his plays mostly deal with the problem of the intellectuals in confrontation with their social environment. (Though I use the term of intellectual in his complex meaning, there should be more generally distinguished terms such as intellectual, intelligentsia, dissident(č. isident), bureaucrat(č.byrokrat), Nomenklatura to further our understanding of the dramatis personae appearing in Havel's plays. In Czech terms, there are intelektuál, inteligent, inteligentík, and inteligentíček. This is not an easy task since even in the scientific works the terms are diversely interpreted with a specific meaning or emphasis.) Havel(b.1936) wanted, albeit with his bourgeois background, to be an intellectual in the socialistic regime but became a playwright and essayist. In the plays of the 1960s he satirized the communist bureaucracy(Zahradní slavnost, Vyrozumění) and the private sphere of life (Ztížená možnost soustředění). So he intended to analyse the deformed society and man's identity in it. Havel found out the mechanism of ideologies and the power of the ideologized system destroying all human beings who are ambitious to be or remain bureaucrats. In the 1970s Havel wrote three one-act plays: Audience, Vernisáž and Protest. Also he showed conflicts between nonconforming intellectuals and the defenders of the social system who are the other kind of intellectuals. The nonconformists in the plays, called also dissidents, are threatened or tempted to collaborate with the system. Havel's latest play, Asanace shows the most complete stagnation of the human existence in a social environment. Here, the changed attitudes of the system can be interpreted as the real changes occurred in the Czech history during the communist period: the coming of the Prague Spring(stopping the redevelopment in the 3. act), the so called Normalization(restart of the redevelopment in the 4. act) and the Perestroika in the middle of 1980s(restopping the redevelopment and discussing the new ideas in the 5. act). The intellectual architects in the play become more able to act and so symbolize a new hope for their resistivity. They also appeal to the audience to join. In this play Havel still uses dramatic techniques of the Absurd theatre to present the stereotypes of the situation, but the dramatis personae obtain more psychology. Thereby the playwright comes near to the realistic drama. Havel can be characterized as a playwright-intellectual who has been analyzing intellectuals living in the 'post-totalitarian' society. It would be most interesting if he would write a new play which shows the changes of the intellectuals after 1990's.

목차

Ⅰ. 머릿글

Ⅱ. 지식인이란 용어 개념과 용례의 문제점

Ⅲ. 하벨 희곡에 나타나는 지식인 상

Ⅳ. 희곡 <재개발>과 지식인의 파노라마

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