Миссионерская деятелъностъ РусскойПравославнойЦеркви в ХХ веке

• 발행기관: 고려대학교 러시아 CIS연구소
• 저자명: М. Шкаровский
• 간행물 정보: 『Acta Russiana』제1호, 237~258쪽, 전체 22쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 기타인문학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2009.03.30

영문 초록

After the October revolution of 1917 the missionary activity of the Russian Church was considerably reduced, however its activity was further carried on although under much more complex conditions. After the first antireligious actions of the Soviet authorities for several years we had been witnessing a massive religious rise. Theological education, despite severe persecutions, even had gone through a short-term period of blossoming (last theological educational institutions were liquidated in 1928-1930). The most active forms of semi-legal church activity of 1920s were brotherhoods at temples and monasteries; hand-written messages of bishops, church documents and messages were spread secretly. During the repressions of 1930s the centre of gravity of missionary activity had shifted to illegal forms (church publishers, wandering priests and preachers, underground educational classes). It allowed the Church to withstand all the difficulties during the greatest persecutions. At the same time Russian church emigration actively conducted missionary activity abroad. Temporary revival of mass missionary work inside the USSR took place during the World War Ⅱ and, first of all, on the occupied territories. In total during the occupation about 10 thousand churches and 60 monasteries were opened there. In the first years after the war the Moscow Patriarchy managed to revive two Theological Academics and 8 seminaries, to renew publishing and to head the work of some Missions abroad: in Palestine, China, Korea. With the beginning of a new wave of antireligious persecutions in 1958-1964 when even such limited opportunities became impossible, illegal missionary work began to develop again: distribution of religious self-published materials, creation of clandestine circles and societies, secret propaganda activity. Thus, the missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church in one form or another had been taking place during the whole period of Soviet power, which allowed the Church to withstand everything under the tough conditions of the XX century. In the late 1980s - early 2000s internal and external missions had received significant development in the new conditions and though they are developing with some difficulties and have to overcome numerous objective and subjective obstacles, nevertheless it gives the Russian Orthodix Church a new impulse for development.

키워드

Russian Orthodox Chruch missionary activity Moscow Patriarchy XX century USSR 러시아 정교 선교활동 모스크바 총주교제 20세기 소련