UN총회 결의를 통한 국제관습법의 발전

• 영문명: Development of Customary International Law through United Nations General Assembly Resolutions -with special reference to opinio juris -
• 발행기관: 국제법평론회
• 저자명: 김석현(Kim, Seok-hyun)
• 간행물 정보: 『국제법평론』제52호, 63~100쪽, 전체 38쪽
• 주제분류: 법학 > 법학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2019.02.28

영문 초록

The United Nations General Assembly has played a significant role for the development of international law by adopting resolutions regarding rules of conduct of States in their external relations. An agreement or consent of States to the adoption of the resolutions has contributed to the formation of new customary international law. The present research aims to analyze the development of customary international norms through UNGA resolutions. For this purpose, this paper, first of all, surveys general theories concerning the status and role of UNGA resolutions in the formation of customary international law. There exists a doctrinal division concerning whether those resolutions have normative characters and binding force. Next, this paper emphasizes that an agreement of States for the adoption of the resolutions can be recognized as an evidence of the opinio juris for the rules contained in those documents. What plays the role of such opinio juris is neither the resolutions themselves nor the adoption of the documents, but the attitude of States in their adoption: the agreement or consent to the adoption. Lastly, this study considers how and to what extent such opinio juris contributes to the creation of customary law. It is without doubt that the attitude of States for the adoption of the resolutions, as an evidence of opinio juris, can promote the formation of customary law. An resolution of the General Assembly or the general consent of States to its adoption, however, cannot by itself create a new customary rule without State practice. It should also be pointed out that, in order for the consent of States to be considered as opinio juris, it should represent the majority of States including those interested in the operation of the rules in question.

목차

Ⅰ. 서 론

Ⅱ. UN총회 결의의 지위 및 역할: 학설의 대립

1. 법 창설적 성격을 인정하는 견해

2. 법적 성질을 부인하는 입장

3. 구속력은 부인하되 관습법 창설에 있어서의 일정 효과를 인정하는 견해

4. 소 결

Ⅲ. ‘법적 확신’( opinio juris )으로서 의 ‘결의 채택에 대한 동의’

1. 결의 채택에 대한 동의: ‘법적 확신’

2. 법적 확신: 결의 자체 또는 그 결의의 채택이 아니라, 그 채택에 대한 ‘국가들의 동의’

Ⅳ. 결의 채택 과정에서 확인된 ‘법적 확신’의 기능

1. 관습법 형성을 위한 요소들 중 하나로서 역할한다

2. 단독적으로 관습법 형성을 가능케 하는가?: ‘instant custom’ 이론의 검토

3. 총회 결의의 채택에 대한 동의가 ‘법적 확신’으로 인정 되기 위한 조건

Ⅴ. 결 론

키워드

국제관습법의 형성과정 법적 확신 UN총회 결의의 법적 성격 야생관습 Instant Custom Formation of International Customary Law opinio juris Legal Character of Resolutions of the UN General Assembly Coutume Sauvage Instant Custom