니코틴 의존의 뇌 기전 및 약물 치료

• 영문명: Application of Neural Mechanisms in Pharmacotherapy of Nicotine Dependence
• 발행기관: 한국중독정신의학회
• 저자명: 최정석(Jung-Seok Choi)
• 간행물 정보: 『중독정신의학』Vol.19, No.1, 3~8쪽, 전체 6쪽
• 주제분류: 의약학 > 정신과학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2015.04.30

국문 초록

Cigarette smoking causes high rates of mortality and morbidity. Despite the efforts of many individuals to quit smoking, maintenance of long-term abstinence is difficult. Understanding the neural mechanisms of nicotine dependence is essential for the development of effective medications to maintain smokers’ abstinence. Nicotine may exert its motivational effects through direct actions on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs) containing the β2 subunit, located on dopamine neurons. Nicotine also modulates dopamine release indirectly by binding to nAchRs located on the excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the ventral teg-mental area. The initiation and maintenance of nicotine dependence usually occurs through positive/negative reinforcements, conditioning to various smoking cues, habituation/automatized processes, dysfunctional inhibitory systems, and neuroadaptations in the function of dopamine, glutamate, and GABA. Pharmacotherapies including varenicline, bupropion, or baclofen could facilitate smoking cessation via distinct neurobiological mechanisms of action. The appropriate use of pharmacotherapy is essential for the management of nicotine dependence.

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Nicotine dependence Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor Neurobiology Reward system Pharmacotherapy 니코틴 의존 니코틴 아세틸콜린 수용체 신경생 물학 보상 신경 회로 약물치료.