국내 노사관계 연구의 지평과 과제

• 영문명: Research Trends for Industrial Relations in Korea:Current and Future Agendas
• 발행기관: 한국인사조직학회
• 저자명: 양동훈(Donghoon Yang) 정선욱(Sunwook Chung)
• 간행물 정보: 『인사조직연구』인사조직연구 제23권 제1호, 143~170쪽, 전체 28쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경영학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2015.02.23

국문 초록

본 연구는 지난 20년간 경영학 분야에서 이루어진 노사관계 연구들을 주제별, 연구방법별로 분류하고 과거 연구동향을 정리하여 미흡한 부분을 미래 연구과제로 제시하고자한다. 저자들은 문제해결 중심적이라는 노사관계학의 성격을 감안하여 경영학 분야 6개 저널(인사조직연구, 조직과 인사관리연구, 산업관계연구, 대한경영학회지, 경영학연구, 노동정책연구)에 발간된 논문 315편을 주제별로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 작업장 혁신및 숙련, 노동유연화, 제도적 압력과 작업장 변화등 작업장 노사관계의 결과 및 변화를 다룬 연구가 가장 많았고(37%), 그 다음으로 노사관계 주체간 관계, 즉 단체교섭, 노사갈등, 협상 및 조정, 근로자 참여 등에 연구가 많았다(26%). 방법론 측면에서는 실증연구가 대부분(95%)을 차지하였고, 횡단적 자료(62%) 사용이 많았다. 자료 수집 면에서는 2차 자료(35%)와 설문조사(34%)가 주를 이뤘고, 분석수준은 사업장/기업 수준(40%)과 개인 수준(37%)이 많았다. 몇 가지 주목할 만한 연구 동향은 다음과 같다. 학문 특성을 반영하듯 비정규직, 산별노조, 임금피크제 등 시대상황을 반영한 연구가 많았고, 다양한 2차 자료를 활용한 사업장 수준의 연구가 눈에 띄게 증가하였다. 가설검증연구에 비해 사례 연구는 매우 적었으나 체계적인 사례분석방법론을 활용하여 심도깊은 질적연구 결과물을 제공함으로써 새로운 이론 개발 가능성 및 풍부한 시사점을 제공하고 있었다. 또한 작업 장수준과 개인 단위의 연구 외에 초기업적 차원의 제도, 관행 및 시스템에 대한 연구가 점차 증가한 점도 관찰되었다. 향후 연구 주제로서 저자들은 노사관계 양극화에 대한 방안, 노조조직률 하락에 따른 적절한 근로자대표성의 보완, 노동입법과 단체교섭 간의 역할분담, 글로벌 노사관계에 대한 대응방안 등을 제시하였다.

영문 초록

This article conducts a comprehensive literature review of industrial relations (IR) research published in Korean, and sets forth future research agenda. Three hundred and fifteen IR-related articles from six major management journals –Korean Journal of Management (KJM), Journal of Organization and Management (JOM), Korean Journal of Industrial Relations (KJIR), Quarterly Journal of Labor Policy (QJLP), Business Administration Study (BAS), and Korean Journal of Business Administration (KJBA) – for the period 1994~2014 were selected and analyzed by research topic, research design, research methodology, and unit of analysis. Overall, 138 articles were published in KJIR, 49 in JOM, 34 in KJM, 42 in QJLP, 38 in KJBA, and 14 in BAS. The most frequent research topic was outcomes and changes in workplace IR (37%), followed by the relationship between industrial relations actors, such as employers, unions, and government (26%). In terms of research methodology, the majority of the studies were empirical (95%) and over half were cross-sectional (62%). Secondary data (35%) was the most common form of data used, followed by survey data (34%). Establishment/firm-level analysis (40%) was slightly more common than individual-level analysis (37%). Four notable results were found. First, as with most other IR studies, Korean research continues to examine practical IR issues, such as temporary work, work shifts, emotional labor, industrial unions, wage peak systems, and the extension of the statutory retirement age. Second, a growing number of studies have employed secondary data sets from various sources, including the Korea Labor Institute (KLI), the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training (KRIVET), and the Ministry of Employment and Labor (MoEL). Third, a growing number of well-designed, in-depth case studies have provided new theories and practical implications. Examples include the studies of Hyundai Motors by Kwon and Yoon (2012) and Park (2013), the study of Yuhan Kimberly by Jung (2012), the study of Chosun Brewery Company by Park and Lim (2013), and the study of Posco by Park (2012). Finally, a growing number of studies have conducted industrial- and national-level rather than individual- and workplace-level IR analyses. The present study ends by recommending three research directions which deserve close attention. The first is that more attention should be paid to the polarization of Korea’s industrial relations and the IR issues of small and mid-sized firms, considering that current studies tend to focus on the IR issues of large firms overlooking the real issues of small and mid-sized firms. Second, the legalization of labor relations deserves further scholarly attention. With the decrease in union density and a recent series of controversial labor issues, we have seen that labor relations tend to rely on court’s decision. Given the possible drawbacks of this, such as worsening labormanagement relationship and lower receptivity of court’s decision by each party, the present study calls for the in-depth theoretical and practical analysis of how to maintain the autonomy of collective bargaining and thus restore trust between labor and management, while being complemented with court’s decision when necessary. The third possible research direction is for more attention to be paid to the internationalization of Korean firms and subsequent IR actors’ responses. Possible research topics include labor disputes, cross-cultural management, labor standards and union recognition in foreign subsidiaries, the transfer of Korean HR/IR practices to foreign subsidiaries, and labor unions’ response to outsourcing or the shifting of production to other countries.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 본 론

Ⅲ. 요약 및 시사점

참고문헌

키워드

노사관계 연구동향 노사관계학 향후 연구과제 industrial relations in Korea research trend future research agenda.