북한 문학에 표현된 여성의 주체성과 지향

• 영문명: Women's Self-Identity and Future Directions as Represented in North Korean Literature
• 발행기관: 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원
• 저자명: 김현숙(Kim Hyun-Suk)
• 간행물 정보: 『여성학논집』제16집, 115~139쪽, 전체 25쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 여성학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1999.12.01

영문 초록

North Korean literature has undertaken five distinctive stages of change until the present. The years of 1927, 1950, 1960, and 1980, especially 1980, can be identified as turning points. Literary circles in North Korea underwent extensive fluctuating changes according to the relations and balance of power between the East and West. The most typical trend of change can be found in the increasing diversification of choice of subjects for literary works, and the approval of distinctly individual writing set apart from collective group writing which was the only form of writing allowed in North Korean. This paper focuses on analyzing the impact of changes in the themes of North Korean literature, with particular attention to the ways in which women characters are established. This study was conducted in connection with "The Meanings in the Creation of Women Characters in North Korean Literature" published in 1994 by the Korean Women's Institute. This research examines how women characters are introduced and defined in modern North Korean literature. This work focuses on analysis of the relationships between heroines and men in daily lives, and between women and wider society, as means of reveal heroine's status. As a conclusion, the author points out that North Korean literature is much more varied than in the past. However, recent literary works appear to be far less diverse due to the deterioration of domestic affairs following a series of famines and floods. As a result, the years of 1994 and 1995 seem to be a period during which many possibilities in North Korean literature have been cast aside. Years of famine by consecutive droughts and floods including the death of Kim Il-Sung created an almost vacuous situation in which many things have come to a stop. It can be said that their clock was turned back. The various types of heroines who appeared in novels during wider changes in the late 1980s and early 1990s disappeared, replaced by a revival of the older, more typical images of women. Generations of historically produced women appear; the first generation protested against Japanese rule to establish North Korea; and the second generation were involved in the Korean War and enforced the third generation to follow in their footsteps. This has been made possible because literature, like all art forms, is subservient to the Party line and society is always considered prior to the individual. As everyday life becomes a virtual battlefield in which all citizens must be armed, the actions and nature of the heroines in literature are limited to a few forms. The main themes of literature include the establishment of society (socialist society) and expressing reverence for Kim Il-Sung and Kim Jung-Il. As a society perceived to be in a state of war, the official line of North Korea is that the people are on the frontline with the ultimate goal of victory. Mothers are considered to be most essential to achieve this goal, and they should make contributions by providing a good example to their children in order to nurture them as successful and strong laborers for society no matter what the sacrifice. The most idealized image of motherhood has shifted from that of the mother of Kim Il-Sung to that of his son, Kim Jung-Il. Kim Jung-Il has composed songs cherishing and praising his mother, and expresses his hope that all women will follow her example. Professional women in the North suffer from the dual burdens of formal employment and the demands of the family just as women in the South do. However, members of the society as a whole come together as small units to solve problems as they are raised. This is made possible because North Korean society is perceived as a sort of big, extended family. Wives depicted in North Korean novels are mostly engaged in jobs as professionals who receive recognition in their fields with solid status in society. When these women return to their families, they are in conflict with family m

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 사회상황의 변화와 여성 등장인물과의 관계

Ⅲ. '위대한 어머니상'의 세대 교체

Ⅳ. 전문가인 아내들의 역할과 삶

Ⅴ. 전투장으로 향하는 오늘의 딸들

Ⅵ. 결론

참고문헌

Abstract