정보화와 생산직 여성노동 : 의류산업을 중심으로

• 영문명: Information Technology and Women Workers in the Production Sector : a Case of Clothing Industry
• 발행기관: 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원
• 저자명: 장필화(Chang Pil-wha) 정영애(Chung Young-Ae) 강선미(Kang Sun-mi)
• 간행물 정보: 『여성학논집』제10집, 141~182쪽, 전체 42쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 여성학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1993.12.01

영문 초록

The purpose of this study is to examine the emploment and skills implications of the expansion of the information technology, specifically as they relate to women in the production sector of the clothing industry. The data were obtained by a survey using questionaires from 307 women workers in a factory producing men's suits with highly automated facilities. In addition, the data were supplemented by the analysis of the official statistics of Ministry of Labor, participatory observation and in-depth interviews with managers of two garment factories, consultants for the production management of the clothing industry, and leaders of the women laborers' movement. Main disussions of the study can be summarized as follows ; First, the information technologies are being introduced during the 1980's among some large-sized and medium-sized establishments as a part of a strategy to cut costs, including labour costs. On the other hand, many companies have closed down or moved 'offshore', or become a part of the domestic subcontracting system to be adjusted to the changing industrial structure. Second, the major employment changes in the clothing industry are the reduction of women's employment and the relative declination of the female versus male ratio at all occupations(annual employment decrease rate : -4.9% during 1988~1991, female versus male rate : 267.5% in 1987 to 244.1% in 1991). We cannot say yet this phenomena is mainly due to the introduction of the information technology, but partly due to the advanced automation process among the companies sized more than 300 employees. Third, the reduction of women's emploment is taking place mainly among the production laborers in firms sized more than 100 employees. On the other hand, the women's employment ratio in office-related jobs(professional & technical, administration & manegerial, clerical & related) has been increased from 37.3% in 1987 to 47.9% in 1991 (annual increase in numbers : 17.8% in general), and the female versus male ratio from 59.4% to 92.1% during the same period. This phenomena shows that the introduction of information technologies does not only lead to the loss of jobs but also to the creation of new ones, though the quality of the newly created jobs for women is another issue to be examined separately. Fourth, one of the important changes in production sector which covers up the reduction of women's employment due to the information technologies is the increasing shortage rate of labour force. But the data analysis by the firm sizes shows that those firms seriously suffering from the shortage of labour force are mostly sized less than 300 employees which cannot afford the laborers' expected wage levels. In the case of the large sized firms (more than 300), since both the actual number of firms and the emploment are rapidly decreasing due to the changing industrial structure, we cannot say that the shortage rate will be continuously increasing in the future. If we see the deskilling process by the introduction of information technologies, the displacement of the present labour force with low-skilled one is not yet taking place even in the case of the large sized firms. On the contrary, the ratio of skilled laborers are increasing at these firms. For the concrete cause of this phenomena, we need further study. But we can point out that the chronic shortage of labor force, especially the semi-skilled or unskilled laborers, will be blocking the job-deskilling process in the clothing industry. Fifth, the cases of the two factories producing men's suits with highly automated facilities in chapter Ⅲ shows that the introduction of the information technologies to these factories(J factory : 85%, S factory : 76%) has reduced almost half of the former employees(S factory's case : from 1,100 to 630), and that the possibility to destroy the horizontal gender division of labor are growing so fast with the feminization of almost all the occupations

목차

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 생산자동화가 여성노동에 미치는 효과 : 의류제조업을 중심으로

Ⅲ. 생산자동화가 여성의 고용과 숙련에 미치는 영향에 대한 조사연구

Ⅳ. 요약 및 결론

참고문헌

Abstract