美國의 初期女性勞動組合運動에 관한 一考 - 全國女性勞動組合聯盟(NWTUL)의 形成을 中心으로, 1903~1910 -

• 영문명: A Study on Early Women's Trade Union Movement in the Unite States - With the Special Reference to the Formation of National Women's Trade Union League, 1903~1910 -
• 발행기관: 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원
• 저자명: 박진숙(Park Jin-Sook)
• 간행물 정보: 『여성학논집』제2집, 193~214쪽, 전체 22쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 여성학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1985.12.01

영문 초록

The present study aims at tracing the process of organizing the National Women's Trade Union League (NWTUL), the first nation-wide women's trade union in the United States up to that time and its early activities with the relation of the existed men's trade unions, esp. the American Federation of Labor (AFL), and the problems raised by the organization, etc. Since the opening of a women's studies course in 1977 at Ewha Womans University, more than 20 universities/colleges in Korea have offered the course on women's studies to their students and a M.A. program was also established at the same school in 1983. Following these initiations, abundant researches and studies on issues of women have been implementing throughout the country. But compared with the enthusiam of women's studies, there are few articles dealt with women's issues in the history of Western women as well as the Korean women's history from a historical approach. Therefore, the present study is a preliminary study and an attempt to extend the scope of Korean women's studies as an interdisciplinary field of study. The following is a brief summary of this paper. In the first chapter, it was briefly surveyed on the history of formation of trade unions organized by men in the U.S. in the nineteenth century. In chapter Ⅱ. it handled the history of women's trade union movements before the formation of National Women's Trade Union League (NWTUL) in 1903, and then the process of organizing NWTUL and its financial and structural problems caused by the lack of fund and the different ideas between "allies" (middle class reformers or social workers) and "girls" (women workers). Meanwhile, in chapter Ⅲ, the relationship of NWTUL and American Federation of Labor (AFL) was surveyed. The attitudes of the AFL and its President, Samuel Gompers, toward women's trade union movements or the NWTUL was "cordial" and "fratenal" at first, but Gompers thought that the ideas and objectives of the NWTUL were inaccordance with those of his and the AFL. Furthermore, most union branches of the AFL predominated by males and skilled workers. had distorted opinions(biased prejudices), i.e. traditional/patriarchal and sexist ideas, against women workers and women's labor. Therefore, women workers and members of women's trade unions had to have heavier burdens. than their counterparts, because they had to improve their labor conditions against their employers and at the same time they had to maintain their indentity and status as a working class against men's sexism or their "bourgeois" conception of women. However, in spite of women's endeavors, it is also true that up to the recent years, there are few women who promote to the postition of policy making in this sector. Probably the reasons may be summed up as follows: i.e., most women workers are usually employed in the unskilled fields of labor; their lack of training in organized activities; their lack of proper education and training; their lack of job consciousness; and deep-rooted sexism on women by the male counterparts and the society. Though this study on American women's trade union movement is not sound owing to the lack of relevant materials, the contents suggest something important to us, because the situations surveyed in this article are nearly able to adopt the present situation of Korean women workers. Lastly, it is very regrettable that this study could not deal with more detailed activities of NWTUL as well as the relationship between socialist unions or the AFL and the NWTUL.

목차

Ⅰ. 서언

Ⅱ. 전국여성노동조합연맹의 성립

Ⅲ. 전국여성노조연맹(NWTUL)과 미국노동총연맹(AFL)과의 관계

Ⅳ. 결어

참고문헌

Abstract