ω-6 and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Inflammation, Obesity and Foods of Animal Resources

• 발행기관: 한국축산식품학회
• 저자명: Hwa Yeong Jeong Yang Soo Moon Kwang Keun Cho
• 간행물 정보: 『Food Science of Animal Resources』제44권 제5호, 988~1010쪽, 전체 23쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 식품과학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.08.31

국문 초록

Obesity, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), is excessive fat accumulation that can pose health risks and is a disorder of the energy homeostasis system. In typical westernized diets, ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) vastly exceed the amount of ω-3 PUFAs, with ω-6/ω-3 ratios ranging from 10:1 to 25:1. ω-6 PUFAs, such as arachidonic acid, have pro-inflammatory effects and increase obesity. On the other hand, ω-3 PUFAs, including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, have anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects. Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) are synthesized in almost all higher plants, algae, and some fungi. However, in humans and animals, they are essential fatty acids and must be consumed through diet or supplementation. Therefore, balancing LA/ALA ratios is essential for obesity prevention and human health. Monogastric animals such as pigs and chickens can produce meat and eggs fortified with ω-3 PUFAs by controlling dietary fatty acid (FA). Additionally, ruminant animals such as feeder cattle and lactating dairy cows can opt for feed supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs sources and rumen-protected microencapsulated FAs or pasture finishing. This method can produce ω-3 PUFAs and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) fortified meat, milk, and cheese. A high ω-6/ω-3 ratio is associated with proinflammation and obesity, whereas a balanced ratio reduces inflammation and obesity. Additionally, probiotics containing lactic acid bacteria are necessary, which reduces inflammation and obesity by converting ω-6 PUFAs into functional metabolites such as 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid and CLA.

목차

Introduction

Sources of ω-3 and ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Metabolism of ω-3 and ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Approaches to Enhance ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Animal Food

ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota

Conclusion

References

키워드

ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) inflammation obesity Lactobacillus animal food