벼의 葯培養에 關한 硏究

• 영문명: Studies on the Anther Culture of Rice
• 발행기관: 한국육종학회
• 저자명: Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국육종학회지』Vol.1 No.1, 1~11쪽, 전체 11쪽
• 주제분류: 농수해양 > 기타농수해양
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1969.12.30

국문 초록

벼의 葯을 培養할 때 小胞子起源의 半數體以外에 體細胞性 2倍體가 發生할 憂慮는 없을가 하는 點을 明白히 해주는 것은 實地利用面에서 極히 중요한 일이기에 우리나라 奬勵品種 몇 品種과 1R-8 等을 使用하여, 培養中 葯의 變色, 葯에서 Callus가 出現하는 模樣, 葯壁組織의 變化, 小胞子에서 Callus發生, 基他를 調査하였다. 葯은 培養 20餘日後에는 거의 變色衰退해 버리고, 葯壁組織에서 細胞의 增殖같은 것이 있을 可望은 없다. Callus는 반드시 葯壁을 해치고 出現하고 容易하게 葯에서 分離된다. 또한 Callus가 分離된 葯腔內에는 空洞이 生긴다. 이런 點으로 보아 Callus는 葯內의 小胞子에서 생겨남이 確實하다 할 수 있다. 葯의 各 組織에서는 培養 60餘日이 지나도 全혀 細胞分裂, Callus發生 等이 없다. 培養 20餘日의 小胞子 中에는 數倍로 肥大하고 內容物이 많고 濃染되는 것이 觀察되는데 이런 것은 곧 內部에서 細胞分裂이 일어나 多細胞體小胞子가 된다. 以上의 結果로서 벼의 葯을 培養했을 때 植物體가 생겨나는 것은 小胞子起源의 것이지, 葯組織出來의 體細胞性 2培體가 생길 憂慮는 全혀 없다.

영문 초록

Motivated by Guha and Maheshwari’s works on Datura, induction of haploid plants though anther culture has recently become a topic among geneticists and breeder. So far this method has been successful only in a few plants. If it is applicable in all the cultivated crops, it would bring tremendous benefit to breeding, as well as to genetic works. As the anther culture method is quite a recent development, knowledge on basic problems is very scanty. No basic research has been reported so far. For example, which stage of microspore development is suitable for culture, how the microspore develops into a callus or embryoid, whether all the microspores in the microsporangium develop into plantlets, whether the plantlets emerging from the anther are all haploids originated from microspores, or how the somatic anther tissues behave under culture, are all important questions to be clarified quickly. In the present work, attempt was made to answer some of the above questions, particularly the question of whether all the calli emerging out of the anther originate from microspores or somatic-diploidal calli. Three leading Korean varieties and one Indica type of rice from the Philippines were used. The cultured anthers quickly turned brown or dark, indicating a degeneration of anther tissue. The callus always emerged out of the anther cavity, rupturing and pushing out the anther wall. Anthers sectioned 7, 28, 34, 49 and 65 days after inoculation revealed no signs of cell division nor of callus development in the anther wall, connective tissues or in other parts of the anther. The microspore examined around 20 days after inoculation showed changes in its cytoplasmic structure and finally turned into a multicellular microspore. The multicellular microspore, after rupturing the anther wall, appears to develop into a full callus, although these stages were not confirmed. These results clearly indicate that in rice the callus coming out of the anther is definitely of microspore-origin and that anther tissues are unable to undergo cell division or callus formation in the nutrient medium employed.

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ABSTRACT

材料 및 方法

結果 및 考察

摘要

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