원소의 지구화학적 거동에 미치는 박테리아의 영향: 지구미생물학의 최근 연구 동향

• 발행기관: 대한자원환경지질학회
• 저자명: 이종운 전효택
• 간행물 정보: 『자원환경지질』33권 5호, 353~365쪽, 전체 13쪽
• 주제분류: 자연과학 > 지질학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2000.10.30

영문 초록

After their first appearance on Earth, bacteria have exerted significant influence on geochemical behavior of elements. Numerous evidence of their control on geochemistry through geologic history has been observed in a variety of natural environments. They have mediated weathering rate, formation of secondary minerals, redox transformation of metals and metalloids, and thus global cycling of elements. Such ability of bacteria receives so considerable attention from microbiologists, mineralogists, geolosists, soil scientists, lim-nologists, occanographers, and atmospheric scientists as well as geochemists that a new and interdisciplinary field of research called geomicrobiology is currently expending. Some recent subjects of geomicrobiology which are studied extensively are as follows: 1) Functional groups distributed on bacterial cell walls adsorb dissolved cations onto cell surfaces by electrostatic surface complexation, which is followed by hydrous min-eral formation. 2) Dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria conserve energy to support grouwth by oxidation of organic matter coupled to reduction of some oxidized metals and/or metalloids. They can be effectively used in remediating environments contaminated with U, As, Se, and Cr. 3) Bacteria increase the rate of mineral dissolution by excreting proton and ligands such as organic acids into aqueous syste. 4) Thorough investigation on the effects of biofilm on geochemical processes is needed, because most bacteria are adsorbed on solid substrates and form biofilms in natural settings.

키워드

박테리아 지구미생물학 생광물생성 생광물용해 바이오필름 금속환원균 bacteria geomicrobiology biomineralization biodissolution biofilm metal reducers