日本俗語大辞典に載っている若者語の特徴

• 영문명: The Characteristics of Words Used by the Younger Generation in Japanese Language Dictionary of Slang
• 발행기관: 고려대학교 글로벌일본연구원
• 저자명: 金鎔均(Kim, Young-gyun) 徐慶元(Seo, Kyung-won)
• 간행물 정보: 『일본연구』第23輯, 5~26쪽, 전체 22쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 지역학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2015.02.09

국문 초록

本稿は、偏向的先行研究の問題点と若者語に関する新たな研究方法の提案として、日本俗語大辞典に載っている若者語を抽出し、品詞別の特徴とその機能について詳細に考察した研究である。考察を通じて次のようなことが明らかになった。 一. 日本俗語大辞典の見出し語6323語の内、若者語は1020語で全体の16.1%を占めており、品詞別には名詞(60.3%)＞動詞(14.3%)＞形容詞(9.5%)＞副詞(8.2%)＞感動詞(4.8%)＞形容動詞(2.9%)の順であった。二. 名詞若者語の比率が高いのは、イメージの伝達が容易なイメージ伝達機能、省略表現や｢KY語｣などで言葉の意味を分かりにくくし、仲間同士にのみ通じるという隠蔽機能、連帯機能と関係があると思われる。三. 動詞は｢る言葉｣(40.6%)＞｢∼する｣形(13.5%)＞｢～てる｣形(9%)＞その他(36.9%)の順であり、ある言葉の省略形や名詞に活用語尾｢る｣付けて動詞化した｢る言葉｣が最も多いのが特徴であると言える。また、｢る言葉｣の前部の語種を分析した結果、外来語を省略した｢る言葉｣が多かったが、これは｢る言葉｣の主な使用階層が若者であり、その若者が漢語の使用を敬遠して外来語を言葉遊びの道具、だじゃれの道具として好んで使うことと関係があ ると言える。四. 形容詞若者語の場合、形態や発音が変化した形容詞が全体の33.0%で最も多く、｢芋い｣｢まぶい｣のような｢い言葉｣が多いのが特徴であった。これは言語を言葉遊びの道具としてみなす若者の遊び感覚に起因する結果であると思われ。 五. 副詞からは強い造語力を、感動詞は他の音より即座に出せる｢ア行｣の音で始まる言葉が多いのが特徴であった。形容動詞からは反復形の使用で会話にリズムを付けようとする意図が窺えた。

영문 초록

This research paper is a careful investigation into the characteristics and functions, according to part of speech, of the slang of the younger generation, listed in the Dictionary of Slangs of the Japanese language. This paper works as a suggestion to address the issue of bias in previous research and has discovered the following facts. 1. Of the 6323 words listed in the Dictionary of Japanese Slang, the slang of the younger generation amounts to 1020 words, accounting for 16.1%. The order in terms of highest occurrence for parts of speech was Noun > Verb > Adjective > Adverb > Exclamation > "Na-" adjective. 2. The percentage of nouns is thought to be high because of their ability to convey images, conceal information to outsiders, and form camaraderie among friends. 3. The order of the weighting in Verbs is as follows: "Ru-" Phrase > "Suru-" Phrase > Others. The main characteristics in Verbs are that the "Ru-" Phrase abbreviates certain phrases or transforms nouns by attaching "-ru" at the end of words. Another observation was that there were many "-ru" phrases that abbreviated foreign-language-based words. This seems to be related to their use as puns or plays on words. 4. As for the adjective slang of the younger generation, words that have had their pronunciation transformed comprise the largest segment. A characteristic among these words was that "-i" phrases such as "Imoi" and "Mabui" were the most common. This trend is thought to be a result of the playful nature of the younger generation. 5. In adverbs, the ability to create new phrases was the most important factor. In exclamations, words starting with "a" were the most common. Among "Na-adjectives," the use of repetitive phrases in order to create a sense of rhythm and cadence seems to have been the intention. Finally, among the others, there were many intentionally grammatical misusages and vague or roundabout expressions.

목차

Ⅰ. はじめに

Ⅱ. 若者語の定義と位置付け

Ⅲ. 先行研究の検討と問題点

Ⅳ. 分析資料と調査方法

Ⅴ. 分析結果と品詞別の考察

Ⅵ. おわりに

키워드

俗語 若者語 品詞 特徴 機能 Slang the Words used by the Younger Generation Part of Speech Characteristics Functions