한반도 도서의 거미상에 관한 연구

• 영문명: A Study on the distribution and species diversity of spiders in Korean islands
• 발행기관: 한국거미연구소
• 저자명: 강석민(Seok-min Kang) 김주필(Joo-pil Kim)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국거미』제27권 제1호, 1~41쪽, 전체 41쪽
• 주제분류: 자연과학 > 생물학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2011.06.30

국문 초록

본 연구는 기존에 발표된 한반도 도서의 거미상 자료와 직접 채집한 거미상을 바탕으로 우리나라 18개 도서 지역에 분포하고 있는 거미상을 정리하여 거미분포도를 작성하고 MacArthur & Wilson 법칙을 적용하여 분석해 보았다. 조사된 섬의 거미상은 총 41과 166속 383종으로 나타났으며 모든 섬에서 우점하게 관찰된 과로는 왕거미과(Araneidae, 14.62%), 꼬마거미과(Theridiidae, 13.32%), 깡충거미과(Salticidae, 12.53%), 게거미과(Thomisidae, 6.53%), 갈거미과(Tetragnathidae, 5.48%)등으로 나타났고 모든 섬에서는 산왕거미(Araneus ventricosus), 말꼬마거미(Achaearanea tepidariorum)가 관찰되었다. 가장 많은 종이 관찰된 섬은 울릉도로 총 199종이 관찰되었고 가장 적은 종이 관찰된 섬은 욕지도로 30종이 관찰되었다. 울릉도에서는 다른 섬에서는 관찰되지 않은 거미 45종이 관찰되었고, 비금도ㆍ도초도, 욕지도는 다른 섬에서 관찰되지 않은 종은 없었다. 그리고 모든의 섬에서 한국 고유종들이 관찰되었으며, 남해안, 동해안에 위치한 섬들에서는 한국 뿐만 아니라 일본에서도 발견되는 종들이 관찰되었고 서해안에 위치한 섬들에서는 중국에서 발견되는 종들이 관찰되었다. 이는 우리나라의 지정학적 위치 특성에 따른 것으로 보인다. 또한 이들 18개 섬에서 기록된 거미의 종 수와 섬 면적, 본토와의 거리, 위도와의 상관관계를 알아본 결과, 거미 종 수에 영향을 주는 요인은 섬 면적에 의한 서식지 다양성으로 나타났으며, 본토로부터의 거리나 위도는 영향을 주지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

영문 초록

This research collected the information on the spider fauna living in 18 island regions of Korea from existing literature regarding the spider fauna in the islands of Korean. A distribution map was created and the spider distribution was analysis applying MacArthur & Wilson theory. There are 41 families, 166 genera, 383 species of spider fauna in these islands. In all islands, the dominant families are Araneidae, Salticidae, Theridiidae, Tetragnathidae and Thomisidae. Every island has Araneus ventricosus and Achaeranea tepidariorum. Ulleungdo has the most diverse spider species with 199 species, while Yokjido has the least number of spider species with 30 species. Ulleungdo has 45 spider species, which cannot be found in other islands. Spider species found in Bigeumdo-Dochodo and Yokjido could be found in some other islands. In all islands, Korean endemic species were observed. In the islands located in south coast and east coast, spider species living in Korea and Japan were found. In the islands located in west coast, spider species living in Korea and China were found. It is believed that these are caused by the geopolitical location characteristic of Korea. The interrelation among the number of spider species, size of islands, distances from main land and latitudes were analyzed. The result was that the habitats variety dependent on island size have impact on the number of spider species. Distance from main land and latitude do not have impact on the number of spider species. This research has significance on spider fauna researches in the islands of Korean Peninsula with following five results. First, a spider distribution map of islands in Korean Peninsula was created for the first time. Second, floristic locations and botanical names are updated to the most recent information. Third, application possibility of this research to other researches in the field of biogeography and zoogeography is suggested based on the result obtained. Fourth, spider distribution dependent on evolution was studied. It was found that spiders with developed visual instrument adapt to environment better and they have high occupation ratio. It suggests that more concrete research is required on the relation between evolution and capability of environment adaptation. Fifth, it was found by applying MacArthur & Wilson theory to Korean islands that the habitats variety indicated by island sizes give impact on the number of spider species. It was found that the distances from main land and latitudes do not have impact on the number of spider species.

목차

국문초록

1. 서론

2. 재료 및 방법

3. 결과

제4장 고찰

5. 참고문헌

Abstract

키워드

도서 거미상 섬 지리적분포 한국 MacArthur & Wilson 법칙 island region spider fauna island geographical distribution Korea MacArthur & Wilson theory