정부계획과 시장경제의 왜곡

• 영문명: Government Planning and Market Distortion
• 발행기관: 한국경제연구원
• 저자명: 조성봉(Sung-Bong Cho)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국경제연구원 연구보고서』연구보고서 (2006-07), 7~122쪽, 전체 118쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경제학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2006.01.07

영문 초록

  Shrinking the role and function of Korean government is a very difficult job due to some structural factors. The number of economic and administrative regulations as well as the size of the government increase again after its initial shrink during the first phase of regulatory reform. This report indicates government planning as one of such structural factors. Government planning is no more a temporary measure as we once experienced in the Economic Development Plans. Today, government planning is a systematic way of interrupting market in Korea.
  Planning is everywhere in Korean government. As of January 2006 there are 537 government plans specified in 257 Korean laws. There are four types of government plans. First, we have resource management plans that are designed for an efficient management of national resources such as assest, lands, environment and so forth. Second, we have rational process plans that are designed to improve working process of the public sector and to normalize the insolvent public services. Third, we have industry management plans that are designed to define and classify certain types of market or industry as well as to manage its demand and supply and to control its quality. Fourth, we have official subsidization plans that are designed to support certain industries and activate certain economic activities or types of resource allocation. The number of third and fourth types of plans is 255 constituting 48% out of the total government plans specified in laws. We can find many government intervention in market and industry with these types of government plans. As a matter of fact these types of government plans play the role of direct or indirect government regulations.
  Government plans specified in laws are made on regular basis and updated periodically. Also the way a government plan is made and implemented is very similar with each other as they follow a stereotyped form. Usually a typical government plan is made and reviewed by a committee in which several experts and/or people representing diverse interest groups are participating. More often than not such a committee plays the role of regulatory market. Korean government plans are not similar to the French style indicative plan or that of Scandinavian countries that plays the role of ‘forecast’. However, Korean government plans are very similar to those of Japan as Korean government used to refer to Japanese laws when drafting a  legislative bill.
  Korean government plans are likely to distort market economy as follows. First, there might be an issue of conflict of interests as many public institutes and/or public firms that are competing with private sector are participating through committees in the process of drafting government plans. Moreover, participating public firms could represent their own interests through the process. Second, participating public institutes and public firms could preempt the relevant market through government plans. Third, many cross subsidizations among consumers, industries, and regions implemented by Korean government are reflected in government plans. However, these cross subsidizations hinders market signals and could seriously distort resource allocation resulting serious inefficiency. Fourth, government plans tend to serve to enlarge public sectors and strengthen the power of government, causing big government. Government plans specified in laws help government bodies and related public sectors to secure proper staff and budget due to their mandatory nature.
  To review the distinctive features and potential problems of Korean government plans this report analyzes the case of Power Development Plan and Housing Development Plan. In case of Power Development Plan the function of harmonizing demand and supply of generation facilities, one of the most important purpose of the plan, could be harmed due to the preemption effect

목차

발간사
요약
제1장 우리나라 정부계획의 현황
제2장 정부계획의 특징과 문제점
제3장 정부계획의 사례 분석
제4장 요약 및 결론
참고문헌
〈첨부〉
Abstract