중국 혁명과정의 부녀인력동원정책연구 - 공산당 부녀정책을 중심으로 -

• 영문명: An Analysis of the Chinese Communist Party Policy toward Women : 'Woman-Work'(婦女 工作, 1921~49)
• 발행기관: 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원
• 저자명: 김염자(Kim Yom Ja)
• 간행물 정보: 『여성학논집』제7집, 23~43쪽, 전체 21쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 여성학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1990.12.01

영문 초록

The women's movement in the twentieth-century China was characterized by two tendencies : One was the feminist tendency concentrated on the struggle for women's rights in the belief that true equality was impossible without a revolution of the whole social system, and the other was the socialist tendency which held that women's liberation could only be achieved under socialism and thereby women should be engaged in revolutionary activities. Mao Zedong wrote : "Men in China are usually subjected to the domination of three systems of authority(political, clan, and religious authorities). As for women, who are controlled by these three systems, they are also dominated by men (the authority of the husband)." Using Mao's imagery, we could say socialist women in China saw these four authorities to be overthrown. Women's movement in China, like the beginning of the communist movement itself, started from towns where organizing women was always an important activity of the Communist Party. When the focus of the communist movement shifted to the countrysides, the nature of the woman-work policy underwent profound changes. Therefore, Chinese women no longer had to wage a "battle against the opposition from members of the opposite sex." This study describes the Chinese Communist Party policy toward women in the periods of the Jiangxi Soviet, the anti-Japanese War and the Civil War. The currents which shaped policies toward women were complex and at times contradictory. However, the young and intellectual components of the communist Party's leadership believed in the equality of both sexes. They regarded women's emancipation as an important goal for the revolution. Female emancipation as well as the reforms of marriage and family institutions were profoundly threatening the whole support of male peasantry which the parry had also to win for survival. But even if the postponement of female emancipation had been ideologically acceptable, it would have been impractical. Some goals for the revolution might be modified, but the needs of female workforce for the army meant that women had to be mobilized for unaccustomed roles in agriculture, handicrafts, and war support work. Such a mobilization of women in itself was functioned as a cause and effect of rapid social changes.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 중국공산당 부녀정책의 기반

3. 중국공산당의 부녀정책내용

4. 맺음말

참고문헌

Abstract